专插本英语语时态.ppt

一般过去时和过去完成的用法区别 1.一般过去时是对现在说话时刻而言的,过去完成时则是对过去某一时刻而言.两种时态建立的时间参照点不同,对过去完成时来说,这一个时间参照点十分重要,它是过去完成概念赖以建立的基础,也是和一般过去时相区别的重要标准. 2.过去完成时的时间状语常用by和before引导的短语表示,如by that time ,by the end of ….,before 2000,by the time +句子等. 过去完成时和现在完成时的区别 1.两种时态都常与一段时间和状语连用,但现在完成时表示的是延续到现在或同现在有关的动作(句中不可有表示过去特定时间的状语),而过去完成时表示的是在过去某时之前已经完成或延续到过去某时的动作(句中有表示过去特定时间的状语). 2.比较下面的说法 She had been ill for a week before she came back. 她在回来之前就生病一个星期了. (回来发生在过去某一时间,发病发生在过去的过去) She has been ill for a week. 她生病一个星期了.(现在仍在生病) Thank you ! 考点一：不能用于被动语态的动词和词组 　 come true, consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, occur, belong to , break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exist, fail, succeed It took place before liberation. 考点二：下列动词的主动语态表示被动意义, 而且常与well, quite, easily, badly等副词连用。 　?lock ( 锁 ) ; wash ( 洗 ); sell ( 卖 ); read ( 读 ); wear ( 穿 ); write ( 写 )；break (破碎) Glass breaks easily. 玻璃容易破碎。 The door won’t lock.门锁不上。 The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。 ?当feel,look,smell,taste,sound等后面接形容词时；用主动表示被动含义 ③want, require, need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。 ④be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。 ⑤在“be + 形容词 + to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。 This kind of water isn’t fit to drink. The girl isn’t easy to_______________. get along with 另外：be to blame(受谴责)，be to rent/let（出租）也用主动形式表被动。 考点三：一些常用经典被动句型： It is said…, It is reported…, It is widely believed…， It is expected…, It is estimated…, 这些句子一般翻译为“据说……”，“人们认为……”， 而 “以前人们认为……” 则应该说：It was believed…, It was thought… 4）被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况。 ①be seated坐着 He is seated on a bench.（He seats himself on a bench.） ②be hidden躲藏 He was hidden behind the door. (He hid himself behind the door.)他藏在门后。 ③be lost迷路 ④be drunk喝醉 ⑤be dressed穿着 The girl was dressed in a red short skirt. 高考时态题精练 1. ---- my glasses? ---Yes , I saw them on your bed a minute ago. A. Do you see B.Had you seen C. Would you see D. Have you seen 2.Helen her keys in