HighRis Buildings高层建筑外文翻译.docVIP

CHANGCHUN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY High-Rise Buildings-高层建筑 资料来源： The Engineering Index 设计题目： 前进大厦办公楼结构、施工设计 学生姓名： 学院名称： 土木工程学院 专业名称： 土木工程专业 班级名称： 土木0944 学 号： 指导教师： 教师职称： 讲 师 完成时间： 2013.4.7 2013年 4 月 7 日 High-Rise Buildings Introduction It is difficult to define a high-rise building . One may say that a low-rise building ranges from 1 to 2 stories . A medium-rise building probably ranges between 3 or 4 stories up to 10 or 20 stories or more . Although the basic principles of vertical and horizontal subsystem design remain the same for low- , medium- , or high-rise buildings , when a building gets high the vertical subsystems become a controlling problem for two reasons . Higher vertical loads will require larger columns , walls , and shafts . But , more significantly , the overturning moment and the shear deflections produced by lateral forces are much larger and must be carefully provided for . The vertical subsystems in a high-rise building transmit accumulated gravity load from story to story , thus requiring larger column or wall sections to support such loading . In addition these same vertical subsystems must transmit lateral loads , such as wind or seismic loads , to the foundations. However , in contrast to vertical load , lateral load effects on buildings are not linear and increase rapidly with increase in height . For example under wind load , the overturning moment at the base of buildings varies approximately as the square of a buildings may vary as the fourth power of buildings height , other things being equal. Earthquake produces an even more pronounced effect. When the structure for a low-or medium-rise building is designed for dead and live load , it is