北师大版高中英语必修四第6讲Unit1TheMedia语法篇.docxVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 8 Unit 11 The Media 语法篇 __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 1、被动语态。 2、动名词。 被动语态 当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语部分需用被动语态形式，即“系动词be+过去分词”。 例：English is spoken all over the world today. 被动语态常用于需要强调动作的承受者；不知道谁是动作的执行者，没有必要说出动作的执行 者以及科技文章中。 例：The bridge was made of stones. 各种时态的被动语态 时态 被动语态 一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词 一般将来时 will be + 过去分词 过去将来时 would be + 过去分词 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词 过去进行时 was/were + being + 过去分词 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 过去完成时 had been + 过去分词 例：I f they are caught, they will die. We shall be punished if we break the rule. A computer center is being built for the students. All the broken windows have been repaired. 被动语态的特殊结构  = 1 \* GB3 ①含有情态动词的被动语态。其结构为：can/may/must/need/should/… + be + 过去分词 例：The children should be taken good care of.  = 2 \* GB3 ②带有双宾语动词的被动语态，一般是把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。 例：He was given a person by his mother for his brother.  = 3 \* GB3 ③带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）动词的被动语态构成，一般是将宾语变为被动语态中的主语。 例：The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.  = 4 \* GB3 ④感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等和使役动词have, make, let等后面接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但其被动语态不定式要带to。 例：A stranger was seen to walk into that building.  = 5 \* GB3 ⑤一些相当于及物动词的短语动词，如“动词+介词”，“动词+副词”等，在被动语态中，介词和动词不可以省略。 The meeting was put off till Friday. 动名词 动名词由动词+ing构成，否定形式为not doing, 具有动词的特点，可以带有宾语和补语，同时具有名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可以充当主语，宾语，表语和定语。 作主语 例：Seeing is believing. 作表语 例：My job is teaching. 作宾语  = 1 \* GB3 ①admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, face, feel like, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, include, keep, mention, mind, miss, practice, put off, resist, risk, suggest, can’t help, can’t stand等动词或词组后可以用动名词作宾语，但不能用不定式。 例：What environment do you enjoy working