TPMS是汽车轮胎力监视系统.doc

摘要 轮胎压力监测系统(Tire Pressure Monitoring System，TPMS)是车辆安全行驶的重要保障之一，在汽车电子技术高速发展和对汽车安全性能要求更高的前提下，对TPMS系统的研究和设计具有广泛的应用前景，并能带来良好的经济效益和社会效益。 论文深入分析了TPMS技术的研究现状和发展趋势，并对比了间接式TPMS和直接有源式TPMS的优缺点。选择直接有源式TPMS作为本文的研究目标，利用嵌入轮胎中的传感器检测轮胎的压力、温度以及供电电池的电压等参数，并通过无线射频方式发射到安装在驾驶室的监视器上。监视器实时显示各轮胎参数，在出现异常时及时发出相关告警信息。 论文针对直接有源式TPMS技术实现的主要难点问题，包括系统预警的准确性和可靠性、检测传感器模块的低功耗性能等，开展了以下工作： 1)对RF发射部分进行详细设计，包括发射天线的匹配网络、无线通信协议以及RF发射管理机制等； 2)提出改进的基于多传感器融合技术的预警算法，有效提高系统预警的正确性，避免告警信号的漏报和误报； 3）分析TPMS应用的电磁环境，在电磁兼容性设计层面上，阐述了系统的软硬件设计方案； 4)在选择极低功耗检测传感器等器件的基础上，选择更适合应用环境的锂亚供电电池，并采取良好的电源管理机制； 5)充分考虑TPMS与其他车载设备之间的信息共享问题，进行基于CAN总线的联机通信设计。 测试表明，所设计的直接有源式TPMS系统有效地提高了检测精度和预警的准确率，较好地达到了预期设计目的。 关键词：TPMS，无线通信，电磁兼容，预警算法，CAN 目 录 摘 要··············································I 目录················································II 第1章 绪论·······················································1 1.1 导言····················································1 1.2 TPMS研究现状·············································1 第2章 TPMS原理及方案设计····································3 2.1 TPMS工作原理········································3 2.2 系统整体方案设计·········································3 2.2.1 系统设计要求········································3 2.2.2 系统方案论证与设计······························5 2.3 本章小结················································7 第3章 轮胎参数检测与发射模块的硬件设计····················8 3.1 轮胎参数检测模块设计······································8 3.2 系统低功耗设计········································9 3.3 无线发射单元设计······································10 3.3.1 天线匹配网络及设计································11 3.3.2 无线通信协议设计·································16 3.4 TPMS检测发射模块的安装································19 3.5 本章小结···············································20 第4章 中央接收与处理模块的硬件设计···························21 4.1 中央接收与处理模块总体设计······························21 4.2 核心微控制器及RF接收单元设计···························21 4.3 差错检测技术设计·········································25 4.4 人机接口硬件设计······································26 4.5 联机通信单元设计·······························