William-Golding 威廉戈尔丁1.ppt

British Literature William Golding William Golding (1911-1993) William Golding (1911-1993) 威廉·戈尔丁 戈尔丁在西方被称为“寓言编撰家”，他运用现实主义的叙述方法编写寓言神话，承袭西方伦理学的传统，着力表现“人心的黑暗”这一主题，表现出作家对人类未来的深切关切。 由于他的小说“具有清晰的现实主义叙述技巧以及虚构故事的多样性与普遍性，阐述了今日世界人类的状况”，1983年获诺贝尔文学奖。 二战对戈尔丁的影响 “如果你在二次大战前见到我，你会发现我是一个理想主义者。脑子里充满了我们这一代人，特别是在欧洲的同龄人所共有的一种简单幼稚的信念：认为人类可以发展到完美无瑕的阶段。只要消除社会上的某些不平等因素，对社会问题采取一些切实可行的措施，我们就可以在地球上创造一个人间天堂。 但是，我们从二次大战中得到了一些启示。这场战争不同于欧洲历史上所经历过的任何其他战争，它给予我们的启迪不是关于战争本身，或国家政治，或民族主义的弊病，而是有关人的本性。” Life Experience Was born on Sep 19th, 1911 in Cornwall, on the south-western tip of England His father, Alec Golding, was a distinguished school master. Was especially interested in literature from his young age At 7, began to write a play revised from a story in old Egypt From 12, began to compile a book about the history of the British Chamber of Commerce（英国商会）, which was prepared to consist of 12 volumes Became a very famous novelist in middle ages His novels are permeated with the sense of man’s sin and guilt. Was educated at a famous boys’ school, Marlborough Grammar School, where his father was a senior master（校长） Was expected to be a scientist by his parents; however, he had a very different plan for his own future Studied sciences at Oxford University for 2 years according to his parents’ wishes Changed his major to English literature and Anglo-Saxon history It was during his university years that he published his book—a collection of poems. After graduation, followed his family tradition and worked as an English and philosophy teacher at Bishop Wordsworth’s School in Salisbury, which was a job he did not like at all Quit this job 5 years later in 1940 Joined the Royal Navy in command of a rocket ship in the WWII Took part in a number of battles during the next 5 years and fought fiercely because he was bitterly opposed to the Nazi philosophy that advocated the German superiority over all the other races His wartime experiences played