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五层结构应用 例2 应用层 高吞吐率系统 汇聚层（面向问题） 检查点，作业管理，故障避免，分段运输. 汇聚层（通用） 代理，证书授权. 资源层 计算访问，数据访问,网络性能访问. 连接层 通信，服务发现（DNS），认证，授权，代理 构造层 存储系统，调度 五层结构应用 例3 应用层 特定科学的数据网格应用 汇聚层（面向问题） 移植性控制，选择复制，任务管理，虚拟数据目录，虚拟数据代码目录. 汇聚层（通用） 目录复制，复制管理，协同分配，证书授权，元数据目录. 资源层 数据访问,计算访问,网络性能访问. 连接层 通信，服务发现（DNS），认证，授权，代理 构造层 存储系统，机群，网络，网络缓存. Layered Architecture Applications Core Services Metacomputing Directory Service GRAM Globus Security Interface Replica Catalog GASS GridFTP Local Services LSF Condor MPI NQE PBS TCP AIX Linux UDP High-level Services and Tools Cactus Condor-G MPI Nimrod/G globusrun PUNCH Grid Status I/O Solaris DRM Open Grid Architecture Data Handling Systems Storage Resources API that provides “glue” to underlying storage, QoS, etc. [GASS, IBP, SRB] Remote Procedure Execution DPSS, DFS, NFS HPSS, ADSM, DMF, Unitree, NASstore, DB2, Oracle, Informix, Sybase, O2, ObjectStore, Objectivity API that provides “glue” to underlying data handling systems (security, scheduling, QoS, access protocol, data format/model, adaptivity, info discovery, location control) Data Model Management Application Storage System Description Information Discovery Armada D’agents, FEL, ADR GRAM, SRB + authentication + authorization Dynamic Info Discovery GloPerf, Netlogger, NWS (e.g., filtering) Condor, GASS, NILE, SRB, I-2 caching, ADR DTD, ADR, object class LDAP, Database, Flat file, Object database * 2002年引入服务的概念，web service技术 * 资源的共享不在仅仅是文件的交换，而是对计算机、软件、数据和其它资源的高度可控制的共享访问。 * We define Grid architecture in terms of a layered collection of protocols. Fabric layer includes the protocols and interfaces that provide access to the resources that are being shared, including computers, storage systems, datasets, programs, and networks. This layer is a logical view rather then a physical view. For example, the view of a cluster with a local resource manager is defined by the local resource manger, and not the cluster hardware. Likewise, the fabric provided by a storage system is defined by the file system that is av