MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING - El Camino College磁共振成像埃尔卡米诺学院.pptVIP

* FARADAY’S LAW OF INDUCTION A MOVING MAGNETIC FIELD INDUCES ELECTRICAL CURRENT IN A COIL OF WIRE THE ELECTRICAL CURRENT RECEIVED FROM THE PATIENT IS THE MRI SIGNAL * MRI SIGNAL SIMILAR TO THE BROADCASTING RADIO WAVES THAT INDUCE CURRENT IN A CAR RADIO ANTENNA * MRI SIGNAL PICKED UP BY A SENSITIVE ANTENNA or COIL AMPLIFIED PROCESSED BY A COMPUTER TO PRODUCE A SECTIONAL IMAGE OF THE BODY * Head Coil * Breast Coil * SIGNAL X-ray signal = differential absorption MRI SIGNAL MORE COMPLEX CONTAINS INFORMATION ABOUT THREE PROPERTIES OF TISSUE * MRI SIGNAL NUCLEAR DENSITY (PROTON DENSITY) Good at demonstration of basic anatomy RELAXATION RATES (T1 T2) Good at identifying characterizes of different tissue types Ex: CSF: T1 = dark T2 = white FLOW PHENOMENA (MRA) (sometimes without IV contrast) * TR TE Repetition Time Time between RF pulses Echo Time The milliseconds between the RF pulse and the signal return * MRI SIGNAL Computer converts the RF signal into a shade of gray STRONG SIGNALS ARE WHITE IN THE IMAGE WEAK SIGNALS ARE BLACK IN THE IMAGE * * EQUIPMENT COMPUTER ROOM COMPUTER LASER PRINTER INDEPENDENT DIAGNOSTIC WORKSTATION RECEIVING RAW DATA Review Merrill’s for equipment information * EQUIPMENT MAGNET ROOM COILS MAGNET – Strength measured in Gauss or Tesla FDA has approved up to 3 Tesla for human use RESISTIVE SUPERCONDUCTIVE (CRYOGENIC: liquid helium) PERMANENT * Important COILS used in MR Gradient Coils: Three sets of coils are used to produce a uniform magnetic field, one for each axis. (or as uniform as possible) * Image quality depends on the signal to noise ratio or SNR SNR = true signal vs “background noise” The closer the coil is to the signal (pt) the better the SNR RF coils can be differentiated by there function into three general categories: Transmit Receive Coil Receive Only Coil Transmit Only Coil * * * Common MRI Exams Brain Spine Organs Heart Liver Kidney Spleen Pancreas Joints Vessels Blood flow * * * * MRI Magnetic Field M