Application to Education - Wikispaces：在教学中的应用- wiki空间.pptVIP

Essay PlanPart 1 Define cognitive development Briefly outline two main theories-Piaget, Vygotsky Piaget- don’t need to be taught- learn through experience- based on stages/ages- child centred approach explain- readiness… Apply to education- Piaget used discovery learning- self construction/self learning-teacher stand back-creates disequilibrium (brief description of schemas, etc) uses directed questioning, use of concrete materials HOWEVER, Vygotsky proposed- Social learning, experts ie. Teachers- needed to move child through ZPD-brief explanation- link with scaffolding, shouldn’t have to wait for the child (Piaget)-Vygotsky- suggests using collaborative learning- group work using scaffolding, teacher move in to assist move to the next zone (i.e. different form of discovery learning) and.. 6. Evaluation.. Use research to evaluate- Ages and stages, Bryant and Trabasso (1971) speed up learning- long process- judging maturation stage is beyond most teachers ability-time skill… Vygotsky- teachers may lack ability to judge childs position in the zone, scaffolding is too direct, leads to a loss of motivation- doesn’t take account individual diff- Plowden (1967) report- change teaching techniques- more child centred Finish… Adey and Shayer (1993)- combined approach, improves maths and science (CASE) programme Essay PlanPart 2 Piaget Vygotsky Applying the two theories to an educational context Oy ! ..teach them using my way? No ! ..teach them using my way? Main point of this section.. To evaluate how theory is used in classroom – NOT to just evaluate Piaget’s stages or Vygotsky’s theory... CLASSROOM CLIP Clip 2 Basic Assumptions Piaget Vygotsky Child Centred Approach Children DO NOT need to be taught Learn due to being drawn into EXPERIENCES If taught something PREMATURELY (that they could have discovered for themselves) they are prevented from ever completely understanding it. Teacher Centred Approach Desire to learn is an O