定语从句李平.pptVIP

The subject ?主语 在简单句中，主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式(短语) 来充当。动名词、动词不定式作主语时通常用 it 作形式主语。 English is very important. （名词） They go to school by bus. （代词） Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. （动名词） To see is to believe. （不定式） The predicate谓语 谓语必须由动词充当，但动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词不能作谓语。 作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和连系动词(表状态)，行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语，又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。 We should help each other Her son is a friend of ours. The teacher came in, book in hand. The predicative 表语 表语与连系动词连用，构成系表结构，说明主语的身份或特征，一般由形容词、名词、动名词、动词不定式、分词等充当。 They are brother and sister. My favourite sport is swimming. All you need do is to take a taxi from the airport. The object ?宾语 宾语是行为动作的对象，一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语，充当宾语的可以是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或整个句子。 I like Chinese food. We hoped that all would come well. They decided to close the border. Have you finished dressing? The attributive定语 定语为句子的次要成分，起修饰限制名词或代词的作用，可分为前置定语和后置定语。一般由形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词(短语) 或句子充当。 His father is a doctor. （形容词性物主代词） Mr. Green has two sons. （数词） A man going to die is always kind-hearted. 人之将死，其言也善。 （形容词） The adverbial modifier状语 (1) 时间状语 I often get up at 5:30 in the morning. (2) 地点状语 Pandas only live in China. (3) 程度状语 I have quite a lot of work to do. . (4) 目的状语 He took some change from his pocket to buy a newspaper. (5) 方式状语 We usually go to school on foot. (6) 让步状语 Though she has a lot of money, she is unhappy. (7) 条件状语 If you don’t work hard, you’ll fall behind the others. (8) 比较状语 Mike is not as (so) tall as Jack. (9) 原因状语 We didn’t go to the park because of the bad weather. The object complement宾语补足语 宾语补足语主要用来补充说明宾语，与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系，可由名词、形容词、动词不定式、分词等充当。 Tom found the climb quite easy. You must keep it clean. I had my watch stolen yesterday. * * 定语从句 引 导 词 关系代词 关系副词 在定语从句中作 主语或宾语 主语或宾语或表语 宾语 宾语或主语 定语 时间 地点 原因 状语 状语 状语 在从句中作宾语可省去 先行词为 who that whom which whose 人 物/人