Dynamic Ontologies on the Web - OSM动态Web本体- OSM.pptVIP

Dynamic Ontologies on the Web Jeff Heflin, James Hendler Motivation of SHOE The World Wide Web is mostly inaccessible to machines No facilities for formalizing the meaning of web languages An XML syntax is not sufficient for traditional KR The dynamic and distributed nature of the Web Overview of SHOE Extends HTML with a set of knowledge oriented tags Associates meaning by making each web page commit to ontologies Defined as an application of SGML to achieve compatibility with existing web standards Its simplicity makes it easy for users to understand and tool developers to implement It is possible to develop numerous tools and architecture for processing Language Features of SHOE SHOE ontologies build on or extend other ontologies, inherit all of the components present in their ancestors (interoperable) Extending general ontologies to create more specific ontologies. (reuse) An ontology can define categories, relations, and other components with corresponding tags It can specify a local name for a concept from other extended ontology Language Features of SHOE (cont) SHOE uses inference rules which consists of a body and a head consisting of one or more subclauses (INF-IF and INF-THEN) Three subclauses: category relation comparison Mapping SHOE to FOL Horn clause V, A USE-ONTOLOGY DEF-RELATION DEF-CATEGORY DEF-INFERENCE DEF-RENAME Mapping SHOE to FOL (cont) A formula F is well-formed with respect to O if : 1) F is an atom of the form p(t1,…,tn) where p is a n-ary predicate symbol such that p? V 2) F is a Horn clause An ontology is well-formed if every axiom in the ontology is well-formed with respect to the ontology Mapping SHOE to FOL (cont) Introduces a perspective P=S,O as a data source S=Os,Ds viewed in the context of O=V,A Let Ws be the subset of Ds that is well-formed with respect to O, then P results will be T=Ws?A The necessity of revision Previous assumptions: static or isolation environment changes without side effects The ch