追求卓越挑战极限 从绝望中寻找希望人生终将辉煌.ppt

* * * * * * * * * (9)通过意义:over; under; behind. 这类介词与移动动词连用,既表示目的地等概念,又可表示通过(即向某处移动,然后离开)的概念. He jumped over a ditch(渠道). Someone ran behind the goalposts. (10)通过: across; through; past; on the grass across the grass in the grass through the grass (11)定向路线移动: up; down; along; across; around; towards; * We walked up the hill and down the other side. 但在习惯用法中, up和down也用于指水平轴线,相当于along沿着的意思. I walked up and down the platform. She walked up/down the street. along表示“从一端向另一端(from one end towards the other)”或“在一条与…平行的线上（in a line parallel with）” We walked along the street, just looking at people. I took my dog for a walk along the river. * along与across在水平轴线上相对立 Be careful when you walk across a street. around表示定向路线有拐角或弧度 They ran around the corner. towards表示“朝向…方向”（in the direction of）的“实际的”或“隐含的”两种意义 We walked towards the old farmhouse. The windows faces towards the south. Is this the bus to Oxford? She glanced over her shoulder. He spoke into the microphone. * (12)方位：beyond; over; past; up; across; beyond主要指方位 over; past; up; across和through即表示方位，又和线、面、容积概念相结合 The village is past the bus stop./through the wood. up; down; along; around在下例中用来指轴线的方位 Her office is up the stairs / down the stairs. We live just around the corner. He lives up/ down/ along/ across the road the road from me. from me表示方位点。 * (13)结果含义：from; out of ; over; past; [已经到达目的地的状态] The horse jumped over the fence. The horse are over the fence. 这些词可以和副词already; just; at last; not yet等连用表示结果。 At last we are out of the forest. When you’re past the next obstacle, you can relax. (14)遍及意义：over; through; with over和through具有遍及的意义，尤其是当他们与all连用时： That child was running all over the flower borders. throughout的含义是all through,唯有这个介词主要表示“遍及”