英语基本句型与高考.docxVIP

英语基本句型与高考五种基本句型是任何英语句子的基本组成部分，其他如定语、状语等均是句子的次要或附属部分。只要掌握了这五种基本句型，当遇到较复杂的句子时，运用这些基本句型进行分析，对句子的理解也就变得容易多了。 1. 主语＋动词（SV）这一句型中的谓语动词是不及物动词，但后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等作状语。 The water is boiling. The train will leave soon. 2. 主语＋系动词＋表语（SVP）此类句型有共同一个特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫作连系动词。连系动词分四类： (1) 表示状态的连系动词：be Getting up early is good for people. (2) 表示感觉的连系动词：look, seem, appear, smell, taste, feel, sound等 These roses smell sweet. (3) 表示保持的连系动词：keep, remain, stay等。 We should remain modest at any time. (4) 表示转变或结果的连系动词：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove等。 The weather is getting colder and colder. 3. 主语＋动词＋宾语（SVO）这一句型中的谓语动词是及物动词，它必须带有自己的宾语。在英文中，当一个动词（包括单个动词和动词短语）作及物动词用时，它必须要有自己的宾语。否则会视为句子不完整。 He has a sister. They wanted to have a rest. 4. 主语＋动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语（SVOO）这一句型中常见的谓语动词有：give, bring, tell, send, leave, pass, read, teach, write, take, show, teach, get, award, lend, rent, buy, pay, hand等。 She bought me a shirt. =She bought a shirt for me. Pass him the dictionary, please. =Pass the dictionary to him, please. 5. 主语＋动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语（SVOC）此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。能作宾语补足语成分的有：名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等。 We elected him our monitor. I had the bike repaired. The news made me happy. undefined2 我们要利用以上五个句型去阅读或写英文句子。这样，再长、再复杂的句子也可以被看成那么“几块”，即主语、谓语、宾语、补语、表语再加上定语、状语。判断下列句子为何种句型： In other words, we are the master of our own future. This morning our teacher told us something about the Hope Project in class. A blind man was walking slowly and carefully with a stick in his hand. Should we sacrifice our children’s future for our own interests? Friends made my life full of excitement, imagination and romance. His wish is to become a scientist. He lost the money on his way home. The lawyer is not available now. I heard him singing in the next door. 二、按句子的用途分类，所有的英语句子可以分成四个种类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。按句子的结构分类，英语句子可以分成三个类别：简单句、并列句、复合句。这里所说的结构，主要是指句子中主语和谓语之间构成的关系。 1. 简单句简单句只有一个主谓关系。 China and Chinese people are incredibly progr