语法系列3 句子分类和成分.pptVIP

句子成分和分类 句子分类 两种分类法 按交际功能分 陈述句 疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意） 祈使句 感叹句 陈述句 用途：用来说明事实或说话人的看法 例句： 1. They are drinking tea now. 2. She doesn’t like cooking. 疑问句 用途：用来提出问题 种类：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意 疑问句 例句： 1. Is your mother at home today? ( ) 2. What time do you get up every day? ( ) 3. Would you like tea or coffee? ( ) 4. He seldom goes out at weekends, does he? ( ) 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 选择疑问句 反意疑问句 祈使句 用途：用来表示请求、命令 例句： 1. Please close the door. 2. Don’t smoke here. 感叹句 用途：用来表示强烈的感情 结构： What + n. + 主 + 谓 How + a./ad. + 主 + 谓 例句： 1. What a lovely girl she is! 2. How lovely the girl is! (或 How lovely a girl she is!) 判断下列句子的种类（一） Be careful next time. ( ) Do you always get up so late? ( ) I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. ( ) What a pleasant surprise you gave us! ( ) 祈使句 疑问句 陈述句 感叹句 句子分类 两种分类法 按结构分 简单句 并列句 复合句 简单句 构成：只有一个主谓结构的句子。 例句： 1. I get up at six in the morning. 2. My mother and I often go shopping. 并列句 构成：由并列连词（and, so, but, or等）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。 例句： 1. They bought her a present, and she liked it very much. 2. I’m poor, but I always enjoy myself. 复合句 构成：由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。 例句： 1. I hope (that) he is better tomorrow.（宾语从句） 2. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go for a picnic.（状语从句） 判断下列句子的种类（二） When and where to hold the meeting has not been decided yet. ( ) Marie started to do research, even though she had very little equipment and no money. ( ) I don’t quite agree with all you say. ( ) He, together with his parents, sat there watching TV. ( ) He likes to watch football games while his wife is fond of watching TV plays. ( ) 复合句 复合句 简单句 简单句 并列句 句子成分 1.主语 Lucy is an American girl. 2.谓语 We love our country. 3.宾语 Did you see him yesterday? 4.表语 Her aunt is a driver. 5.宾语补足语（宾补）He left us waiting outside. 6.定语 The black bike is mine. 7.状语 All the students in my class work