山东近海典型海湾河口渔业资源调查与生物群落结构分析-水产养殖专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要2011 年对支脉河河口渔业资源调查结果显示，共捕获渔业生物种 79 种，主要为无脊椎生物，鱼类仅占 17 种，资源优势种变化不明显，主要由虾虎鱼 (Synechogobiusommaturus)组成，而无脊椎生物则集中于狭额新绒螯蟹（Eriocheir leptognathusRathbun），长牡蛎（Crassostreagigas）泥螺（Philinekinglipini）和 安氏白虾（Exopalaemonannandalei）季节间的变化不显著。通过 ANOSIM 分析 显示，河口渔业资源生物群落结构季节间差异显著（ P0.05），夏季与其他季节 间的差异显著性最高。支脉河河口多样性指数、丰度和生物量分布均为春季最高， 通过 PCA 排序可以得到对支脉河河口生物群落分布影响最高的环境因子为盐 度，通过对盐度的分析，可以得到三个组别：1、淡水组：主要种类为鲫（Carassius cuvieri）和广布种类狭额新绒螯蟹（EriocheirleptognathusRathbun）。2、中盐 度 区 域 ： 主 要 代 表 种 类 为 鮻 （ Liza haematocheila）、 六 丝 矛 尾 虾 虎 鱼 (Amblychaeturichthyshexanema)和长牡蛎（Crassostreagigas）。3、高盐度区域： 主要代表种类有扁玉螺（Neverita didyma）、泥螺（Philinekinglipini）、日本鲟（Charybdisjaponica）和脊腹褐虾(Crangonaffinis)。 关键词:山东近海渔业、季节变化、群落结构、环境因子The Analysis of Typical Estuarine and Offshore Fishery Resources and Biological Community Structure in Shandong AbstractThis paper analyze the seasonal variations in community structure and theswitches of dominant species in RiZhao HaiZhou Bay, Rongcheng Bay, Dongying ZhiMai River estuary, based on the data collected in 4 voyage’s investigations on fishery resources and environment factors during the period 2010~2012. The research provides insight into main influencing factors in seasonal variation and the relationship between catches and habitat status.The investigation of 4 seasonal catches during period 2011~2012 in RiZhao HaiZhou Bay shows: A total of 110 fishery species were caught over the samplingperiod, in which 51 species were fish，and 17 out of 51 were resident fish. Themajority of the fish caught were warm-water fishes and they are in dominant status. The dominant fishes were Chelidonichthyskumu,Chelidonichthyskumu,Chelon haematocheilus,Hexagrammosotakii,Pholisfangiand Pampusargenteus.The seasonal switches of dominant species were significant. The dominant invertebrate species were Loligojaponica,Palaemongravieri,Asteriasamurensis,Asterina pectiniferaand Trachypenaeuscurvirostris.The ANOSIM analysis shows, there are significant seasonal variations ( P 0.05 ) in