我国商业银行对小微企业的信贷风险管理的研究.docx

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 11商业银行对小微企业的信贷风险管理--基于民生银行的案例研究摘 要小微企业有力地促进了我国经济增长与技术创新，创造了大量就业岗位，是我国国民经济发展的重要基础，而小微企业融资却是长期难以破解的问题。商业银行在外部竞争压力和内部利润驱使之下，纷纷加大对小微金融的投入，将其视为业务转型的契机。然而小微企业的信贷风险问题阻碍了商业银行的尝试。因此，对小微企业信贷风险进行科学、高效的管理成为我国商业银行拓展小微金融业务的必然选择。本文以风险管理理论与新巴塞尔协议为分析框架，结合国内银行传统管理经验，提出“贷前调查”、“贷中审查”、“贷后检查”的小微企业信贷风险动态管理模式。实践中商业银行也基本按这一模式进行运作，并取得了一定的成效，但目前小微金融仍处于起步阶段，商业银行对小微企业信贷风险管理存在不少问题，如风险管理组织结构不尽合理、内部信用评级体系针对性不强等，本文分析认为，这些问题是由宏观环境、小微企业和商业银行共同造成的。为了更好地研究商业银行对小微企业的信贷风险管理问题并总结现阶段小微金融开展经验，本文接着以民生银行作为案例，先是分析了民生银行小微金融业务的开展情况与信贷风险管理措施，总结其经验，并针对其风险管理问题提出了解决措施；然后研究了民生银行广东省某支行的一个商圈信贷业务，重点分析了该业务的授信方案设计与信贷风险管理。最后，本文基于上述理论分析与案例研究，提出了我国商业银行对小微企业信贷风险管理的五大对策建议：建立专门的小微金融业务部门、构建针对小微企业贷款的内部信用评级体系、加强与外部机构合作、丰富小微金融产品与服务、建立小微企业贷款风险定价机制。关键词：商业银行 小微金融 信贷风险管理 民生银行AbstractSmall and micro enterprises have greatly promoted china’s economic growth, employment expanding, and technological innovation. They are important foundation of China’s stable and rapid economic growth. However, the financing problem of small and micro enterprises has been difficult to solve by a long time.Driven by competitive pressures outside and profit force inside, commercial banks have begun to expand microfinance business and regard it as a chance of business transformation. However, the trial is not smooth going because credit risk of small and micro enterprises. In this background, it is an inevitable choice for commercial banks to manage credit risk of small and micro enterprises scientifically and effectively.This paper takes risk management theories and New Basel Agreement as framework, and combines them with traditional management experiences of Chinese commercial banks. Based on them, this paper sets dynamic mode of credit risk management of small and micro enterprises lending that “investigation before releasing loan”, ”review in the process of releasing a loan”, and “examination after releasing a loan” are the main contents. In practice, commercial banks almost manage credit risk as this mode, and have made certain ac