Unit8英美文学和电影(NathanielHawthorne).pptVIP

英美文学与电影English and American Literature Movies Unit 8 NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE（1804—1864） Contents Related Literary Terms Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Letter English Movies Appreciation Questions for Discussion For ambitious reader Related Literary Term(相关文学术语) American Romanticism (1)American Romanticism is one of the most important periods in the history of American literature. (2) It was a rebellion against the objectivity of rationalism. For romantics, the feelings, intuitions and emotions were more important than reason and common sense. They emphasized individualism, placing the individual against the group. They affirmed the inner life of the self, and cherished strong interest in the past, the wild, the remote, the mysterious and the strange. They stressed the element “Americanness”in their works. (3) It started with the publication of Washington Irving’s The Sketch Book and ended with Walt Whitman’s Leaves of Grass. (4)Being a period of the great flowering of American literature, it is also called “the American Renaissance.”(5)American Romanticists include such literary figures as Washington Irving, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, William Cullen Bryant, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allen Poe, Herman Melville, Walt Whitman and some others. Transcendentalism ( 见教材） Nathaniel Hawthorne 纳撒尼尔·霍桑 （1804—1864）  (1)He is the most ambivalent writer, a consummate romantic in the American literature history. (2)He has an unceasing interest in the “interior of the heart” of man’s being. (3)He holds Calvinistic belief that human being are basically depraved and corrupted. 美国小说家 出生地：新英格兰马萨诸塞州萨莱姆 （ Salem, Massachusetts ） 小说集：《古宅青苔》(Mosses from an Old Manse, 1846) ；《雪影 》(The Snow-Image, 1851) ；《重讲的故事》(Twice Told Tales)等 四部长篇小说：《红字》(The Scarlet Letter 185０)、《带有七个尖角阁的房子》(The House of the Seven Gables，1851)、《福谷传奇》(The Blithedale Romance，1852)和《玉石雕像》(The Marble Faun，1860》 短篇小说：《年轻小伙子布朗》 （Young Goodman Brown）《教长的黑面纱》（The Minister’s