省戒毒劳教所。增强心脏和血液流动,.ppt

3. The Decades following Wernicke Lichtheim From Marie to Goldstein (Benson Ardila include Goldstein and Luria in this third period) Jules Dejerine (French) 1901: Accepted basic ideas of Wernicke and Lichtheim But rejected the concept center depicted in their diagram – no anatomical basis Added account of reading problems: alexia Visual-verbal zone in left angular gyrus Diverse Views after Wernicke Lichtheim Pierre Marie (France) Jules Dejerine (France) J. Hughlings Jackson (England) Henry Head (England) Kurt Goldstein (Germany) Aleksandr Luria (Russia) Color Code: Attacked Wernicke Supported Wernicke Independent innovator 4. Goldstein, Luria, Geschwind The return of connectionism Kurt Goldstein (1878-1965) German Studied with Wernicke Influenced by Gestalt psychology (Koffka 1935) Adopted a “holistic” approach Became the best-known spokesman for this approach Important publication in 1948 Criticized the Wernicke-Lichtheim view of conduction aphasia Not the arcuate fasciculus but a central area Proposed the term ‘Central Aphasia’ Now we see that there are really two kinds of conduction aphasia Another basic language area? Central Sulcus Primary Auditory Area Primary Visual Area Wernicke’s area Broca’s area Central area Another basic language area? Central Sulcus Primary Auditory Area Primary Visual Area Wernicke’s area Broca’s area Goldstein’s area Luria’s positionaccording to Benson Ardila Luria … took a midway stance between the localizationist and holistic approaches. He considered language to be a complex functional system, requiring many different steps in both comprehension and production; simultaneous participation of multiple cortical areas would be required for language processing. Although each cortical area performs a specific process, it also participates in different functional systems. Thus, the first temporal gyrus participates in phoneme discrimination, and its damage causes difficulty in all functional systems requiring