2017_2018学年高中数学课时作业13向量的减法北师大版必修4.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 1课时作业13　向量的减法|基础巩固|(25分钟，60分)一、选择题(每小题5分，共25分)1．在三角形ABC中，eq \o(BA,\s\up12(→))＝a，eq \o(CA,\s\up12(→))＝b，则eq \o(CB,\s\up12(→))＝(　　)A．a－b　　B．b－aC．a＋b D．－a－b解析：eq \o(CB,\s\up12(→))＝eq \o(CA,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(AB,\s\up12(→))＝eq \o(CA,\s\up12(→))＋(－eq \o(BA,\s\up12(→)))＝b－a.答案：B2．若O，E，F是不共线的任意三点，则以下各式中成立的是(　　)A.eq \o(EF,\s\up12(→))＝eq \o(OF,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(OE,\s\up12(→))B.eq \o(EF,\s\up12(→))＝eq \o(OF,\s\up12(→))－eq \o(OE,\s\up12(→))C.eq \o(EF,\s\up12(→))＝－eq \o(OF,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(OE,\s\up12(→))D.eq \o(EF,\s\up12(→))＝－eq \o(OF,\s\up12(→))－eq \o(OE,\s\up12(→))解析：eq \o(EF,\s\up12(→))＝eq \o(EO,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(OF,\s\up12(→))＝eq \o(OF,\s\up12(→))－eq \o(OE,\s\up12(→))＝eq \o(EO,\s\up12(→))－eq \o(FO,\s\up12(→))＝－eq \o(OE,\s\up12(→))－eq \o(FO,\s\up12(→)).故选B.答案：B3．下列式子不正确的是(　　)A．a－0＝aB．a－b＝－(b－a)C.eq \o(AB,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(BA,\s\up12(→))≠0D.eq \o(AC,\s\up12(→))＝eq \o(DC,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(AB,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(BD,\s\up12(→))解析：根据向量减法的三角形法则，A正确；B正确；因为eq \o(AB,\s\up12(→))与eq \o(BA,\s\up12(→))是一对相反向量，相反向量的和为零向量，所以C不正确；根据向量加法的多边形法则，D正确．答案：C4．如图，在四边形ABCD中，设eq \o(AB,\s\up12(→))＝a，eq \o(AD,\s\up12(→))＝b，eq \o(BC,\s\up12(→))＝c，则eq \o(DC,\s\up12(→))＝(　　)A．a－b＋c B．b－(a＋c)C．a＋b＋c D．b－a＋c解析：eq \o(DC,\s\up12(→))＝eq \o(DA,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(AB,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(BC,\s\up12(→))＝a－b＋c.答案：A5．给出下列各式：①eq \o(AB,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(CA,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(BC,\s\up12(→))；②eq \o(AB,\s\up12(→))－eq \o(CD,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(BD,\s\up12(→))－eq \o(AC,\s\up12(→))；③eq \o(AD,\s\up12(→))－eq \o(OD,\s\up12(→))－eq \o(AO,\s\up12(→))；④eq \o(NQ,\s\up12(→))－eq \o(MP,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(QP,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(MN,\s\up12(→)).对这些式子进行化简，则其化简结果为0的式子的个数是(　　)A．4 B．3C．2 D．1解析：①eq \o(AB,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(CA,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(BC,\s\up12(→))＝eq \o(AC,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(CA,\s\up12(→))＝0；②eq \o(AB,\s\up12(→))－eq \o(CD,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(BD,\s\up12(→))－eq \o(AC,\s\up12(→))＝eq \o(AB,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(BD,\s\up12(→))－(eq \o(AC,\s\up12(→))＋eq \o(CD,\s\up12(→)))＝eq \o(AD,\s\up12(→))－eq \o(AD,\s\up12(→))＝0；③eq \o(AD,\s\up12(→))－eq