基于笛卡尔切割单元法复杂河道地理信息系统环评可视化.docVIP

基于笛卡尔切割单元法复杂河道地理信息系统环评可视化 　　摘要：复杂河道中污染物扩散计算及其在地理信息系统（GIS）上的可视化，对于地表水环境影响评价（EIA）具有非常重要的意义，但在网格生成、污染物计算模型及计算结果可视化方面存在着诸多困难。针对点源岸边排放河流污染物计算及基于GIS可视化中的难点问题，提出了基于切割单元法的地面水环境影响评价可视化方法。将切割单元法应用于网格剖分，通过切割单元交点追踪算法及河道轮廓线内背景网格筛取算法，生成了复杂河道笛卡尔网格。提出了基于污染物二维稳态衰减模式的网格自适应加密与稀疏算法，在非结构化笛卡尔网格基础上采用了基于河流几何信息判断的点源岸边排放河流污染预测算法与区域填充算法，实现了环境影响评价计算结果的可视化显示。通过一个河流污染环境影响评价可视化的实例，验证了所提方法的可行性与有效性。 　　关键词：笛卡尔切割单元法；环境影响评价；地理信息系统；可视化；地面水环境 　　中图分类号： TP391.9 　　文献标志码：A 　　Abstract： 　　The numerical simulation of pollution dispersion within complex river course and its visualization on Geographic Information System （GIS） are very important to surface water Environmental Impact Assessment （EIA）. But there still remain many difficulties and problems， such as grid generation， numerical simulation model of pollution dispersion and the visualization of result. To resolve these problems of area river pollution calculation and GISbased visualization for point source side discharge situation， the ways of surface water EIA visualization based on Cartesian cut cell method were presented. The Cartesian cut cell method was applied to generate grid， by using cut cell intersection point chasing algorithm and choosing approach of background Cartesian grid in river course boundary， the Cartesian grids of complex river course were achieved. A selfadaptive grids refinement algorithm with steady state pollution decay model was proposed. Based on unstructured Cartesian grids， a point source river water pollution simulation model of side discharge was provided and an area filling algorithm was developed to achieve the visualization of EIA result. Through the visualization and analysis of a river pollution EIA example， the practicability and efficiency of the proposed methods were confirmed. 　　Key words： Cartesian cut cell method； Environmental Impact Assessment （EIA）； Geographic Information System （GIS）； visualization； surface water environment 　　0引言 　　基于地理信息系统（Geographic Information System， GIS）的地面水环境影响评价可视化能够准确直观地分析污染物排放对河流