中考英语复习：由-Idontthink...-句型说开去--试谈英语的否定转移.docxVIP

中考英语复习：由Idontthink...句型说开去--试谈英语的否定转移　　由quot;Idontthink...quot;句型说开去--试谈英语的否定转移　　　　　　　　在学英语的过程中，学生常将这样的句子 quot;我认为这不是个好主意.quot; 译为quot;I think it isnt a good idea.quot; 而将这句英语译成汉语时，学生又会译为 quot;我不认为这是个好主意.quot; 老师又会说译错了，这不符合 quot;I dont think...quot; 句型，应译为 quot;l dont think its a good idea.quot;　　　　那么，这错误的根源究竟在哪里？这就是“英语的否定转移”在作怪。否定转移在非正式语体中特别常见，它是将语义上属于从属分句（一般为that clause）的否定词转移到母句中去。允许否定转移的母句动词在语义上可分为以下两组：　　　　1．看法（OPINION）：anticipate，be supposed to，believe，calculate， expect，figure (infml，AmE),imagine, reckon (infml，esp, in AmE)，suppose，think:　　　　Eg. I dont believe Ive met you before.　　　　(quot;I believe I havent met you before.quot;)　　　　Eg. She didnt imagine that we would say anything.　　　　(quot;She imagined we wouldnt say anything.quot;)　　　　Eg. He didnt expect to win.　　　　(quot;He expected not to win.quot;)　　　　2．感觉(PERCEPTION) appear，seem，feel as if，look as if，sound as if (后三个动词也作infml，esp， in AmE，其中用like来代替as if）：　　　　Eg. It doesnt seem that we canget our money back.　　　　quot;It seems that we cant get our money back.quot;　　　　Eg. The baby doesnt appear to be awake.　　　　(quot;The baby appears not to be awake.quot;)　　　　Eg. It doesnt look like its going to rain.　　　　(quot;It looks like it isnt going to rain.quot;)　　　　否定的转移是一种含糊的现象。对于否定词位置不同的两个句子，意思是否相同，或者在多大程度上相同的问题，各人的直觉可能是不同的。但在以下特殊情况下，原来允许否定转移的动词不能将否定转移：　　　　1．I think是插入句，可看作与其他部分无关：　　　　I wish you were here，then I think I should not feel like this.　　　　2．母句中添加情态动词cant mustnt wouldnt时：　　　　I cant believe that they are married.　　　　You mustnt think hes stupid.　　　　I wouldnt have imagined that Sandra would be here.　　　　3．由于cannot help doing，ought not，need not，not at all等短语的关系而把I think隔离。　　　　I should have thought sometimes you couldnt help thinking of the past.　　　　I think you ought not to walk at night alone，Mrs. Moore.　　　　I think you need not be impolite to her，as well as to her son.　　　　quot;I think the angel are not at all in heaven.quot; Mr.Esmond said.quot;　　　　4. 由于n