高一语篇型语法填空解题策略和习题.docVIP

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 1语篇型语法填空解题策略题型说明1.文章词数：200左右，分有提示词和无提示词两种。2.在语篇环境中测试考生加工处理语言信息、分析句子结构、熟练运用语法知识和词汇知识的能力。3.有提示词填空（6/7处）考查侧重点：（1）动词的时态和语态及非谓语动词；（2）词性转换，以动词或名词转换成形容词、形容词转换为副词为主。无提示词填空（3/4处）,以考查介词、连词和冠词及从句引导词为主。考法解析1.名词一般考查其复数形式、名词所有格，或转换成形容词等。(1)此空是否要填名词，看空前的限定词判断词性：冠词、代词、数词、形容词等之后用名词。(2)若填名词，再确定名词可数和不可数，用单数还是复数，用名词的所有格还是其他形式。2.形容词或副词(1)词性转换，形与副，形或副与名、动之间的转换，以及形或副的比较级、最高级。(2)词性不变时，注意与词根意义相反的派生词，如增加前缀un-, im-, in-,dis-等。3.动词(1)先判断设空处填谓语动词还是非谓语动词。(2)缺谓语，填谓语，考动词的时态或语态、主谓一致等。(3)有谓语，且不是作并列谓语，则填非谓语。4.介词(1)句子成分，如，空后是名词、代词、动名词或what从句，且不作主语或动词宾语时。(2)固定搭配，如 as a result5.连词或复合句引导词(1)连词有两类：并列连词和从属连词。句子的类型主要有：并列句、状语从句、名词性从句和定语从句。(2)并列句考查并列连词 and, but, or, so等。(3)状语从句考查从属连词because,as,since,though, although,if,unless,when, while, before, after等。(4)名词性从句考查引导词that, if/whether, which, who, what, where, how等。 (5)定语从句考查关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose及关系副词when,where等。6.冠词(1)不定冠词：____+可数名词单数；____+形容词+可数名词单数。(2)定冠词：____(+定语)+名词+of等介词短语（表特指）；____(+定语）+名词+定语从句（表特指）；____(+定语）+名词+不定式短语或分词短语（表特指）。(3)若空后有序数词、最高级、表特定意义的比较级等，且无提示词，那么一般要填冠词。7.代词(1)看所缺成分，缺主语（代词主格，指示代词，不定代词或it）；动词或介词后缺宾语（宾格、指示代词、不定代词或it）;空后是名词（形代或不定代词）；宾语和主语是同一人或物（反身代词）。(2)特殊句式，it作形式主语或用在强调句中。三、解题步骤1.通读全文，理解大意，确定总体时态。2.巧用已知，分析结构，确定词性。3.重读全文，仔细核查，语法正确，语意贯通。四、真题示范（一）If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of 61. (great) and less importance.Then，handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 62. (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63. (be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused 64. our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 65. possible before lunch.This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Recent 66. (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67. (regular)．Give your body and brain a rest by ste