方法指导(一) 主旨大意法.pptVIP

方法指导(一)　主旨大意法 主旨大意是文章的灵魂。考生在解题时尽管想到了文章的主旨大意，但是受考场上各种不利因素的干扰，很容易在一种迷糊而又紧张的状态下凭直觉作答，以致失分。在这种解题状态不佳的时候，考生首先要稳定情绪，沉着冷静地通览全文，了解文章的主旨大意，通过主旨大意再来认真分析，然后再依据相关线索或话题进行解题，这样才能作出正确的判断与选择。此时，考生很快就缓解了压力又有了敏捷的思路，不再有开始时的焦虑了，这样，考生做完形填空题就会觉得简单而又轻松，同时考生也在不知不觉中已经提高了自己的解题效率。 在完形填空题中，主旨大意法指通览全文、抓准主旨的解题方法。完形填空题因在语篇中挖出了很多处空白，造成文字缺失、意义不全等各种不利于阅读和理解的因素，致使考生产生理解障碍，进而思路被扰乱。因此，考生要极力克服多种不良因素的影响，聚精会神，注重把握文章的整体内容，极力寻找有关文章大意的关键词、句或段，为解题提供最有力的依据。关键句通常置于句首或句尾，考生只要结合自己已获取的重点信息，再对信息加工处理后，就可以得到与文章语境相符的有关正确答案的信息。 语境题——在完形填空题型中，语境题是必考题，更是考查考生感知语言材料时所具备的基础知识、阅读能力、思维能力和判断能力的综合性题型。语境题在高考中所占比例较大，几乎在50%以上，甚至更大。对语境题作答时，均要以语篇为根本，以篇谋句，以其所处的语言环境来作出正确的判断与选择。 (2010·山东卷) It was a cool October evening.Excitement and family members__36__the hall.I was only a 7-year-old girl，but I was the center of__37__.Finally，after weeks of preparation，I would__38__all my hard work in a dance performance.Everything would be__39__—so I thought.I waited backstage all__40__in my black tights with a golden belt.In a loud and clear voice，the master of ceremonies__41__that my class was next. My dance class was doing a routine on wooden boxes two feet by two feet，facing the__42__.All I had to do in the next move was put one foot on the box next to mine and keep my other foot on my box.It really was an__43__move.I was concentrating so much on__44__the huge smile on my face and holding my head up that I did not look__45__I was going.I missed my partner’s box altogether and__46__.There I was standing on the stage floor when my classmates were on top of their boxes.I could hear giggles(咯咯笑) coming from the audience，and I felt the__47__rush to my face.I remembered my dance teacher had told us，“If you make a mistake，keep smiling so the audience will not __48__.” I did my best to follow her__49__as I continued with the routine. When the curtain dropped，so did my__50__for the evening.I__51__bitterly，tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face.I ran backstage，but no one could__52__me down. Recently I realized I had been a__53__that n