焦化废水处理设计毕业设计说明书.docxVIP

摘 要焦化废水具有高CODcr、高氨氮、高酚的特征，属于难降解工业废水。废水含有多种有毒有害物质，未经处理或超标排放会对环境造成巨大的潜在危害。本设计为3000t/d焦化废水的处理工艺设计，综合考虑传统处理方法的利与弊，设计“调节+隔油+气浮+稀释+水解酸化+缺氧+MBR”的处理工艺流程。焦化废水首先进入进水房，通过筛网去除大颗粒的杂物，流入高程布置最低的水质水量调节池，通过调节池中的潜水泵将废水抬升到一定高度，靠重力自流入后续构筑物。隔油池与气浮池的主要作用是去除对生物有抑制作用的油类及SS，但高浓度的氨氮依旧超出生物的耐受极限，所以在进入生化处理系统之前，需要出水回流稀释原水，该过程在稀释调节池中进行。污水在稀释调节池中需停留一段时间，目的是使气浮过后的原水及出水中的氧尽可能释放，以避免破坏水解酸化池的厌氧环境。焦化废水中含有较多的苯类及多环类大分子有机化合物，水解酸化池的设置作用就是将该类大分子有机物分解为小分子。然后废水流入缺氧池，该池是进行反硝化的主要场所。利用内回流而来的亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐，反硝化菌以易降解有机物为电子受体将其转化为氮气，完成脱氮过程。MBR池是有机物降解及氨氮硝化的主要场所，采用膜过滤出水保证了出水水质，省去了二沉池、混凝沉淀等处理流程，减少了占地面积。膜易污染受损，因此对膜定期清洗也是设计的重点。污泥处理采用“污泥浓缩池+离心脱水机+泥饼外运”的处理方式，产生的废水自流入调节池重新进行净化处理。焦化废水通过这一处理系统，各项污染指标都可达到GB16171-2012的出水排放标准。另外，MBR池克服了传统活性污泥法曝气池浓度不高、剩余污泥量大、氨氮硝化效率低等缺点，在保证出水达标的前提下，可减小占地面积与土建费用。关键词：焦化废水；氨氮；MBR；膜清洗ABSTRACTCoke plant wastewater is featured with high concentrations of ammonia, phenol and CODcr, and it belongs to the bio-degradable industrial wastewater. Untreated or excessive discharge of coke plant wastewater would cause great harm to the environment, for it contains large amounts of toxic and hazardous substances .In this article , a coke plant wastewater treatment system is designed , which can treat 3000 tons coke plant wastewater every day. Considering the pros and cons of the traditional approach, formed a combination of treatment process of “Regulation+ Grease Trap+ Flotation+ Dilution+ Hydrolysis Acidification+ Hypoxia+ Membrane Bioreactor(MBR)”.At first, coke plant wastewater flow into the water room, filtering out large particles of debris through a sieve. And then, the wastewater flow into regulation tanks, which are the lowest tank in the treatment process. After that, the wastewater is raised to a certain height which can ensure that it can flow into other tanks from subsequent handling process by itself. The main role of grease traps and flotation tanks is to remove the oils and SS which are inhibitory to microorganism. However, the high concentration of ammonia is still beyond the limits of biological tolera