2017-2018学年高中英语三维设计人教版浙江专版必修1：unit1section3word版含答案.docxVIP

Section_ⅢGrammar — 直接引语和间接引语(Ⅰ)语法图解探究发现1．“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary，” said Anne.→Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.2．“Does a friend always have to be a person？” the writer asks us.→The writer asks us if a friend always has to be a person.3．“What do you call your diary？” Anne’s sister asked her.→Anne’s sister asked her what she called her diary.4．“Why did you go to bed so late last night？” Father asked Anne.→Father asked Anne why she had gone to bed so late the night before.5．The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.”→The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃. 6．“What did Edison do to help the doctor operate on his mother？” the teacher asked us. →The teacher asked us what Edison had done to help the doctor operate on his mother. [我的发现](1)在直接引语变为间接引语的过程中，从句的主语常常按照一定的规律发生变化，从句的主语作适当改变，从句中的时态往往有一定改变，如句1；但陈述客观事实时时态不变，如句5。(2)直接引语是一般疑问句或反意疑问句，变为间接引语时，常将它变成由if或whether引导的宾语从句，其主句动词常用ask。如句2。(3)直接引语为特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，将它变成由原来的疑问句引导的宾语从句。如句4、6。(4)语序变化：直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。如句2、3、4、6。直接引语是一字不改地将别人的话放在引号内。间接引语是用自己的话对别人的话进行转述，不用引号。一、人称变化的三原则1．“第一人称随主”原则如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。Mary said, “I want to have a computer of my own.”玛丽说：“我想有一台我自己的电脑。”(直接引语内为第一人称)→Mary said that she wanted to have a computer of her own.玛丽说，她想拥有一台自己的电脑。(间接引语中随主语改为第三人称)2．“第二人称随宾”原则如果从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。Her colleague said to her，“Who did you ask for a leave？”她的同事对她说：“你向谁请了假？”(直接引语中为第二人称)→Her colleague asked her who she had asked for a leave.她的同事问她向谁请了假。(间接引语中随宾语改为第三人称)3．“第三人称不更新”原则指直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语中出现的第三人称的代词一般不需要变化。Mr. Li said, “Jack is a good worker.”李先生说：“杰克是一位好工人”。(直接引语为第三人称)→Mr. Li said Jack was a good worker.李先生说杰克是一位好工人。(改为间接引语后人称不变)[即时演练1]　将下列句子改为间接引语①He said, “I am proud of my motherland.” →He said that he was proud of his motherland.②“You are wasting your time day-dreaming！” he s