人体发育学（运动康复）_1ppt课件.ppt

粗大运动能力评定;Gross Motor Function Classification Systemfor Cerebral Palsy (GMFCS) ;Before 2nd Birthday ;Level III Infants maintain floor sitting when the low back is supported. Infants roll and creep forward on their stomachs. Level IV Infants have head control but trunk support is required for floor sitting. Infants can roll to supine and may roll to prone. Level V Physical impairments limit voluntary control of movement. Infants are unable to maintain antigravity head and trunk postures in prone and sitting. Infants require adult assistance to roll. ;Between 2nd and 4th Birthday ;Level II Children floor sit but may have difficulty with balance when both hands are free to manipulate objects. Movements in and out of sitting are performed without adult assistance. Children pull to stand on a stable surface. Children crawl on hands and knees with a reciprocal pattern, cruise holding onto furniture and walk using an assistive mobility device as preferred methods of mobility. ;Level III Children maintain floor sitting often by W-sitting (sitting between flexed and internally rotated hips and knees) and may require adult assistance to assume sitting. Children creep on their stomach or crawl on hands and knees (often without reciprocal leg movements) as their primary methods of selfmobility. Children may pull to stand on a stable surface and cruise short distances. Children may walk short distances indoors using an assistive mobility device and adult assistance for steering and turning.;Level IV Children floor sit when placed, but are unable to maintain alignment and balance without use of their hands for support. Children frequently require adaptive equipment for sitting and standing. Selfmobility for short distances (within a room) is achieved through rolling, creeping on stomach, or crawling on hands and knees without reciprocal leg movement. ;Level V Physical impairments restrict voluntary control of movement and the ability to maintain antigravity head and trunk posture