骨髓穿刺和骨髓活检术复旦大学附属中山医院ppt课件.pptVIP

骨髓穿刺术bone marrow puncture;定义;适应征;禁忌症;知情同意 出血倾向明显者应检测凝血功能;术前准备;骨髓穿刺部位;穿刺步骤;注意事项;术后处理;并发症及其处理;骨髓增生活跃 粒红比例成人为2～4：1。 粒系增生良好，各阶段细胞比例适当原粒细胞0.02，早幼粒细胞0.05，中幼粒细胞0.08，晚幼粒细胞和杆状核粒细胞占0.03 红系增生良好，各阶段细胞比例适当，成熟红细胞的大小、形态、染色大致正常 淋巴细胞及单核细胞的百分率、各阶段比例及形态均正常 巨核细胞全片约7～35个 可见少量非造血细胞 无特殊细胞及寄生虫;缺铁性贫血(iron deficiency anemia);巨幼细胞贫血megaloblastic anemia;溶血性贫血hemolytic anemia;再生障碍性贫血spastic anemia;Erythroblasts with megaloblastic changes. Binucleated form at top center. Refractory anemia (RA);ALL-L2;Higher-power view in accelerated phase of CML shows atypical forms and basophils;Accumulation of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow in idiopathic thrombocytopenia. The increase is not always dramatic, and a large proportion of immature megakaryocytes is sometimes found.;多发性骨髓瘤multiple myeloma;恶性组织细胞病malignant histiocytosis;癌细胞常成簇出现于骨髓涂片的尾部，细胞大小形态相差显著，细胞常重叠，界线不清，分类很难归入血细胞。;白细胞减少症leukopenia;粒细胞缺乏症agranulocytosis;Leishmania donovani in a sternal marrow smear. The numerous parasites are all intracellular;骨髓活组织检查术bone marrow biopsy;适应证;禁忌证;器械准备;穿刺部位;穿刺步骤;骨髓纤维化myelofibrosis;骨髓增生异常综合征myelodysplastic syndrome;骨髓活检视频