肿瘤 外科学总论ppt课件.pptVIP

5. 内窥镜检查——检查，录像，活检，治疗。 endoscopy : examine,picture recording biopsy,treatment (EMR, ESD) gastroscope,colonoscope,bronchoscope, laparoscope, hysteroscope, cystoscope fiber optic ductoscope etc Intestinal tumor 乳管镜 ductoscopy 6. 病理学诊断（pathological diagnosis） (1) 细胞学检查 cytological examination 针吸活检------细针穿刺活检 FNA fine-needle aspiration 2．组织学检查 histological examination with aspiration or resection, Breast cancer T——原发肿瘤(Tumor) Tis：carcinoma in situ To：未发现原