句子结构与被动语态.pptVIP

S.=Subject 主语 V. =Predicate Verb 谓语动词 DO=Direct Object 直接宾语 IO= Indirect Object 间接宾语 OC=Object Complement 宾语补足语 P= Predicative 表语 1. S+ V(Vi): The dog ran. 2. S+V(Vt)+DO: She is writing a letter. 3. S+V(Vt)+DO+IO: She is writing a letter to him. She is writing him a letter. 4. S+V(Vt)+DO+OC: They make the city more beautiful. 5. S+V+P: You are students. P.P. 过去分词 S+V+DO ? S + be + p.p. by + 原主语之宾格形式 She is writing a letter. ? By 2010, they had built ten bridges. ? S+V+DO+IO ? S (原DO)+be+p.p.+to/for+原IO+by+ 原主语之宾格形式 S(原IO)+be+p.p.+原DO+by+原主语之宾格形式 He lent me a bike. ? S+V+O+OC ? S+be+p.p.+OC+by+原主语之宾格形式 They will make the city more beautiful. ? He saw a thief steal something from the room. ? 带宾语从句的句子改为被动语态的两个句型 People say that she knows five languages. 宾语从句的主语+be+主句谓语的过去分词+ 宾语从句谓语动词的不定式的恰当形式 It+be+主句谓语的过去分词+that+原宾语从句 Practice We believe the book has been translated into English. Expressions with passive voice It is said that… 据说 It is hoped that… 希望 It is supposed that… 据推测说；人们认为 It must be admitted that… 必须承认 It must be pointed out that… 必须指出 It is well known that… 众所周知 It is believed that… 据信，有人相信 《伴你成长》P27 主动形式表示被动意义 某些感官动词与形容词连用时 feel, look, prove, smell, sound, taste… 这水碰上去很冷。 The water ______________. 这菜尝起来很可口。 The dish _______________. 主动形式表示被动意义 be worth + doing 这本小说值得看两遍。 The novel is _______________. 主动形式表示被动意义 动词want, need, require, deserve后用动名词的主动形式, 动名词与主语为动宾关系 孩子们需要照料。 The children need looking after = need to be looked after. 窗户需要修理。 The window wants/requires ________. = ? 这点值得一提。 This point ___________________. = ?. 主动形式表示被动意义 某些不及物动词和副词well, easily, smoothly等连用时 The cloth washes well. clean, cut, cook, burn, draw, pick, play, read, sell, tear（撕破）, wash, wear, write 等 这书很畅销。 The book __________ well. 这首诗读起来很流畅。 The poem __________ smoothly. 这副眼镜戴起来很舒服。 This pair of glasses ___________________. Grammar: Basic Sentence Structures Passive