爆破在岩巷掘进中应用.docVIP

附录 外文翻译 APPLICATION OF BLASTING IN DRIVING TUNNEL 1 FRAGMENTATION Fragmentation is the breaking of coal, ore,or rock by blasting so that the bulk of the material is small enough to load, handle and transport.Fragmentation would be at its best when the debris is not smaller than necessary for handling and not so large as to require hand breaking or secondary blasting . Energy must be supplied to rock by direct or indirect means to fragment that rock and the type of loading system.Fragmentation energy is consumed by the main mechanisms: (1) creation of new surface area (fracture energy), (2)fric