再融资政策-清华大学中国金融研究中心
再融资政策、上市公司增长冲动与业绩异常分布*
汪德华
所在单位:南京大学长江三角洲经济社会发展研究中心、南京大学经济学系
通讯地址:南京大学长江三角洲经济社会发展研究中心
邮政编码:210093
联系电话:025130E-mail: dehuaw21@
刘志彪
所在单位:南京大学长江三角洲经济社会发展研究中心、南京大学经济学系
通讯地址:南京大学长江三角洲经济社会发展研究中心
邮政编码:210093
联系电话:025E-mail: zbliu@
再融资政策、上市公司增长冲动与业绩异常分布
内容提要:中国上市公司存在着强烈的增长冲动。公司可以利用盈利水平来发送自身质量的信号,以获得更多的再融资支持未来的增长,但这要以牺牲现期增长水平为代价。当证监会决定未达到强制性业绩标准的公司不允许再融资时,一些低质量公司为获得再融资不得不牺牲现期的增长水平以追求达到再融资标准的盈利水平,这是“10%”、“6%”现象产生的原因。如果考虑到公司可能操纵业绩,公司将比较作假成本、牺牲增长水平的成本和获得再融资的收益以决定是否和怎样达到再融资标准,“10%”、“6%”现象依然存在;此时,一些质量很低和很高的公司将会达到再融资标准,而质量处于中间层的公司将不会达到再融资标准。
关键词:信号博弈,再融资,增长冲动,业绩异常分布
Refinancing, Growth Impulsion and Abnormal Distribution of Listed Companies’ Performances
Abstract: Chinese listed companies often have strong growth impulsion. To refinance in support of future growth, they often use their profit levels as signals of their quality. However, this is at the cost of their present growth. Therefore, after China’s Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) stipulated the compulsory standard qualifications for companies to refinance, some companies of poor quality have to sacrifice their present growth level to seek the standard profit level for refinancing. This is why we witness the profit value of 10% or 6%. And this phenomenon will continue to exist as long as there are possible manipulations of companies’ performances. Companies would compare the costs of accounting fraud and growth level with the profits brought by refinancing to decide whether and how to achieve the standards for refinancing. As a result, companies of either low or high quality can reach the standards, while those whose qualities are in between will be ruled out.
Keywords: signal game, refinancing, growth impulsion, abnormal distribution of performance
JEL Classification:D82,G28,G38
一、引言
在审核上市公司是否具有配股或增发新股的资格时,中国证监会使用净资产收益率(ROE)作为评判的硬性标准。众多对中国股市的实证研究(陈小悦等,2000;阎达五等,2001;陆宇建,2002)表明,随着证监会要求的再融资的强制性业绩标准(允许配股、增发的公司ROE指标存在最低限制)变化,上市公司公布的ROE指标存在着“10%”、
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