不定词地各种形式.docVIP

不定詞 Ⅰ 不定詞的各種形式 A seem to不定詞/ appear to不定詞 The president The president’s son-in-law seems to get involved in the insider trading scandal. (總統女婿似乎和內線交易醜聞脫不了關係。) Premier Su appeared to frown upon the minister’s remarks. (蘇院長似乎不認同該部長的發言。) It seems that KMT lawmakers are intensely opposed to the increase on the premium of health insurance. (國民黨立委似乎強烈反對健保費的調漲。) 表示當下是這麼想的： 「某人似乎/好像是…」可用〔S+ seem / appear+ to不定詞〕來表示，意指當時見到某事物是什麼樣子。例句1是描述「總統女婿似乎和這案件脫不了關係」的當下之事。 表示過去某個時點是這麼想的： 例句2中的「蘇院長似乎不認同該部長的發言」是表示對過去事物的判斷。 也可用It seems that…表示： 這裡的It代表「不明確的狀態」。例句1，2可做下列改寫： 1. It seems that the president’s son-in-law gets involved in the case. 2. It appeared that Premier Su frowned upon the minister’s remarks. 〈參考〉：seem / appear to be中的to be多半可以省略，但當表達的內容沒有 表示程度差別的形容詞時，不可省略。如例句4中指出了是什麼樣的 嫌疑犯，所以可省略to be。 President Chen appeared disappointed at his son-in-law. (陳總統似乎對女婿很失望。) The legislator seemed discontented with the minister’s response. (該立委不滿意部長的回應。) He seems to be a suspect. (他似乎是個嫌疑犯。) He seems (to be) a cunning suspect. (他似乎是個狡猾的嫌疑犯。) 〔參考〕：seem / appear都可譯成「似乎…」但appear一般是用在眼睛可見的 客觀事實。 B to have+過去分詞(完成式的不定詞) The physically challenged person The physically challenged person seems to have sustained major injuries in the car accident. (這位殘疾人士似乎在這場車禍受了重傷。) The battered woman appeared to have been beat by her cohabitant. (該位受虐婦女似乎被同居人毒打。) The addict seemed to have taken drug before killing his ex-girlfriend. (該吸毒者在殺害前女友前嗑過毒品。) 已經發生的事用〔to have+過去分詞〕來表示： 比句中的主要動詞更早發生的事用〔to have+過去分詞〕來表示。 現在覺得過去似乎是…： 例句1中的殘疾人士受重傷是比seem更早發生的事情。如果用It seems that…來改寫，則that子句的動詞用過去式，如下所示： It seems that the physically challenged person sustained major injuries in the car accident. 覺得比過去更早…： 例句3中的不定詞to have taken drug(嗑過毒品)，是比seemed更早發生的事。因此如果以It seemed that…來改寫，則動詞要如下使用過去完成式；例句2同樣具這種時態上的先後關係。例句2，3的改寫如下： It seemed that the addict had taken drug before killing his ex-girlfriend. It appeared that the battered woman had been beaten by her cohabitant. 〔注意〕：〔to have+過去分詞〕稱為「完成式的不定詞」或「完成不定詞