小型封闭景观水体污染机制及修复技术分析-analysis on pollution mechanism and remediation technology of small enclosed landscape water body.docxVIP

苏州科技 苏州科技学院硕士学位论文 摘要 万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 随着人们生活品质的提高、建设生态城市热潮的兴起，大量的小型封闭景观水 体被引入以改善生活环境。小型封闭景观水体主要存在于城市绿地、公园、建筑区 等地，具有环境容量低、自净能力差、易受人类活动影响等特点。良好的表观性状 是景观水体的基本要求，但如今藻类大肆生长、水体浑浊、颜色异常甚至发黑发臭 等表观污染现象频繁出现。 本文以我校师陶园内的封闭水体为研究对象，运用表观污染指数（SPI）表征其 表观污染情况，通过为期1年半的观察监测和现场模拟试验等研究，探索小型封闭景 观水体的污染机制，了解表观污染历程，定量化研究主要污染源。本文对换水并抛 洒石灰的应急修复手段进行修复效能评价，并进行了水力扰动试验以研究浮萍的生 长特性，现得出如下结论： （1）小型封闭景观水体的表观污染随温度变化明显。SPI 与温度、浊度、腐殖 酸(UV254)、叶绿素 a(Chl-a) 均为显著正相关，与溶解氧(DO) 显著负相关，相关系数 分别为 0.786、0.951、0.595、0.849、-0.699。说明温度适宜时，枯落物的腐烂分解以 及浮萍和藻类的竞争性生长会引起水体发生严重的表观污染。 4（2）枯落物的腐烂分解、降雨及其产生的地表径流、大气干式沉降是小型封闭 景观水体的主要污染源。师陶园水体中的 COD、PO43--P 和 NH +-N 每年来自枯落物 腐烂分解的量为 33.98 ㎏、0.06 ㎏、1.01 ㎏，来自汇流雨水的量为 15.4 kg、0.047kg、 1.05 kg，来自大气沉降的量为 5.25kg、0.003 kg 和 0.43 kg，三种污染源的污染物贡 献率分别为 40.56%～62.2%，28.9%～42.17%，9.61%～21.9%。 4 （3） 换水并抛洒石灰的应急修复方法对水体水质有一定的改善作用，可使水 质达标8个月左右，但对水体表观没有修复效果，不能解决浮萍恶性增殖及水体中污 染物的积累问题。扰动试验证实，0.045m/s的外缘线速度搅拌可抑制浮萍的生长。 该研究可为小型封闭景观水体的科学管理提供理论依据，为其工程修复提供技 术参考，具有很强的理论意义和工程意义。 关键词：封闭景观水体, 污染机制, 修复技术, 表观污染, 浮萍生长 I Abstract In recent years, the quality of peoples life made steady progress and the ecological city is very popular in the field of construction. An increasing number of small closed landscape water bodies were constructed in order to improve the living environment. The small closed landscape water mainly exists in the urban green space, parks, buildings and other places. This kind of water has the characteristics of low environmental capacity, self-purification ability and easily affected by human activities, etc. For landscape water body, the good apparent traits are the most basic requirement. But due to the characteristics of the landscape water body itself, the serious apparent pollution phenomena such as the malignant proliferation of algae, the anomaly of color and turbidity, and even the black-odor phenomenon appeared constantly. In this study, the enclosed water located in Shitao Garden which lived on the campus was regarded as the research object. About one and a half year’s observation and water