自身免疫教学文稿.pptVIP

自身免疫 和自身免疫性疾病; 1.Basic conception; ;2.Classification of AID;3.Common characteristics of AID ; Ⅱ.Pathogenesis of AID; 1.The factor of autoantigen;A.Release of cryptical antigen ; B.Change of autoantigen;;与人体组织起交叉反应的A群链球菌抗原; ;2.The factor of immune competent cells(ICC);;;B.Bypass activation of lymphocytes;无辅助信号;C.Abnormal expression of Fas/FasL ;3.Disorder of  immunoregulation;?病毒感染诱生的 IFN-? 使原先不表达 MHC-Ⅱ分子的靶细胞得以表达,成为自 身抗原的呈递细胞而启动自身免疫应答 ?激活的T细胞分泌大量IFN- ? ,靶细胞表达更多MHC-Ⅱ抗原,加重和延续自身免疫应答 例如:IFN- ? →Graves病;IFN- ? 与TNF 协同→IDDM;; ;4.The factor of body;*单卵双生儿患AID的高度一致性 ;Ⅲ.Mechanisms of Tissue Damage of AID; 1.Tissue damage mediated by autoantibody;抗Ach-R的自身抗体与Ach-R结合,阻断Ach与Ach受体???合→ →→重症肌无力;2.Tissue damage mediated by autoantibody-antigen immune complex; A.慢性活动性肝炎 B.胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(IDDM) C.桥本甲状腺炎 D.慢性溃疡性结肠炎 ;Ⅳ.Principle of therapy;感 染;Ⅴ. Examples of AID ;1.系统性红斑狼疮(SLE);B.Clinical finding ;SLE患者血清中常见自身抗体;2.类风湿性关节炎(RA);C.Immunologic abnormal;3.Graves’ disease (甲状腺毒症) ;LATS binding to TSH-R→ →thyroxine↑