太阳能节能楼宇直流供电系统设计论文.doc

0 - 太阳能节能楼宇直流供电系统设计 摘 要 太阳能光伏发电系统由住宅小区负荷、太阳能电池方阵、检测系统、太阳能控制系统（单片机控制器）、DC-DC变换器、蓄电池组组成。 白天，太阳能电池组件接收太阳输出电能，向蓄电池组充电；夜晚，直流系统经过控制器将蓄电池组输出的直流电供直流负载使用。系统中，太阳能电池组的功能是将太阳辐射能转换为电能；蓄电池的功能是将太阳能电池组输出的直流电加以贮存；防反充二极管的功能是用以阻止蓄电池组通过太阳能电池组件放电；检测系统的功能是检测各功能模块的信息，通过控制系统处理，实现控制保护功能；控制系统的功能是主要对DC-DC变换器的通断和蓄电池组的过充电和过放电进行保护。 本设计针对太阳能电池最大功率点的跟踪加以分析，设计中利用登山法解决太阳能电池最大功率点跟踪问题，此最大功率控制法对于日射量和温度大范围地变化具有高速、稳定跟踪特性，可以始终向系统的阻性负载提供最大功率。因此，可以确认此控制法是能够同时满足高速和高精度的最大功率控制法。 太阳光发电作为洁净的和未来最有希望发光电方式之一，越来越受到人们的重视。光伏发电系统各个方面的研究都在不断地深入进行着。 关 键 词 太阳能电池；太阳光伏发电系统；最大功率点跟踪；单片机；控制系统 Keywords Solar cell； Photovoltaic Power System；The biggest power orders to follow；Single a machine；Control system 目 录 摘要······························································································································1 关键词··························································································································1 目录······························································································································2 第1章 绪论··············································································································4 1.1太阳能光伏发电研究背景及其意义····································································4 1.2光伏发电的发展及前景························································································5 1.3光伏系统在建筑及住宅小区中的应用································································7 1.4课题的目的及主要研究内容················································································8 第2章 太阳能节能楼宇直流供电系统的总体设计··············································9 2.1系统总体设计········································································································9 2.2住宅小区负荷········································································································9 2.3太阳能电池方阵····································································································10 2.4太阳能控制器（单片机控制器）·························