基于485总线病房呼叫系统论文正文.doc

摘 要 为提高医院的工作效率，保证病人及时得到医护人员的救助，这里设计了一种新型的医院智能呼叫系统。该系统以AT89S52单片机为控制核心、采用RS-485总线进行通讯，实现病房与护理人员间的快速、准确地呼叫及响应功能。 系统由护理主机、呼叫分机、RS-485总线通讯声光报警及LCD显示等组成。直观准确的把病人的要求传达到值班室总机。主要包括硬件设计和软件设计两部分：硬件电路包括液晶显示电路、MAX485有线传输电路、声光控制电路和呼叫信息显示电路，设计所采用的主控制器是AT89S52单片机，而相应的控制功能由单片机语言编写；软件电路包括电子呼叫设计及相应的控制程序。论文涉及病房呼叫系统总体原理图，液晶显示原理，RS-485总线传输原理，主控单片机等硬件设计方案及软件编程程序。同时我采用了主从分布式多机通讯，能同时监控多个病房的呼叫并进行分级处理，通过采用RS-485总线通讯系统实现远距离、多对一的呼叫。 该系统具有显示床号，呼叫者重要程度显示，回复等功能。用于医院病房对护理总台的呼叫，操作简单，使用方便。这样方便了病人，同时也减轻了医院的服务压力。 关键词：RS-485总线；液晶显示；串行通信；主机；从机 ABSTRACT In order to improve the work efficiency of hospitals and make patients get effective help in time，a new type of intelligence calling system is introduced in this article． This system takes the AT89S52 single chip computer as control core and RS-485 as communication，and can realize the fast and accurate communication between the ward and the nurse． It is composed of nursing master computer，follow computer，RS485，the acousto-optic warning，LCD and so on．The system can deliver the patients’ requirements directly to the duty office switchboard. It mainly consists two parts: hardware design and software design. To be more specific, hardware design includes liquid crystal circuit, MAX485 wired transmission circuit, the acoustic-optics control circuit and calling information displaying circuit, with the AT89S52 SCM as its master controller。And corresponding controlling function programmed in Microcomputer language. On the other hand, software circuit includes electronic calling designing and corresponding controlling programs. The paper involves general schematic diagram of Call Machine for Sick-room system, the liquid crystal displaying principle, RS485 bus transmission principle, master controlling SCM and related hardware designing proposals and software programming programs, etc. It adopts primary／secondary distributive multi-computer communication，can simultaneously monitor and stage wisely treat multiple wards’cal1．By the use of RS-485，the system can com