固有免疫细胞与功能(英文).pptVIP

（1）Pattern-recognition Receptors, PRRs Expressed on the surface of innate immune cells with the ability of recognizing one or more PAMPs Lack of diversity, non-clonal expression, mediating rapid biological response Main types: Mannose-binding receptor, scavenger receptor, Toll-like receptor Biological functions: Opsonization, activation of complement system, phagocytosis, initializing cell activation and transduction of inflammatory signal, induction of apoptosis (2) Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns, PAMPs Some non-specific and highly conserved molecular structures shared by a class /group of specified microbial pathogens , that can be recognized by non-specific immune cells. For example: lipopolysaccharide (LPS), teichoic acid, peptidoglycan (PG), mannose, bacterial DNA/RNA. et al. Features: Commonly specific for pathogens Required for the microbes’ survival and pathogenicity Molecular basis for the pan-specific recognition of the host 2. Signal transduction mediated by PRRs（TLRs） * Cells in innate immunity and their functions 一. Tissue,cells and molecules of the innate immune system Phases of innate immune responses Characteristics of innate immune response and its relationship with adaptive immune response Section I Tissue,cells and molecules of the innate immune system Acquired Immunity Adaptive Immunity Specific Immunity Innate Immunity Native Immunity Nonspecific Immunity Species development, formed evolutionally Possess from the time of birth，react rapidly Non-specific anti-infection immunity, also involved in specific immunity 一. Tissue barriers and their effection （一）The skin and mucosal surfaces provide protective barriers against infection Physical barriers: epithelial, cilia, mucus Chemical barriers: lactic acid, unsaturated fatty acid, gastric acid Biological barriers: microorganisms （二） Blood-brain barrier （三） blood –fetus barrier 二. Cells involved in innate immunity a