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Istanbul / Constantinople / Byzantium伊斯坦布尔/君士坦丁堡/拜占庭 ;在漫长的历史上，伊斯坦布尔/君士坦丁堡/拜占庭曾经是罗马帝国（公元330-395），东罗马帝国（拜占庭）（395-1453）和奥斯曼帝国（1453年至1922年）的首都。（伊斯兰）奥斯曼帝国继承了（基督教）拜占庭帝国所控制的欧洲东南部大部分地区、中东和北非。许多世纪以来伊斯坦布尔一直是东西方世界相会合的地方。1985年，联合国教科文组织将伊斯坦布尔的历史区列入世界遗产名单之中. In its long history, Istanbul / Constantinople / Byzantium has served as the capital city of the Roman Empire (330–395 AD), the East Roman (Byzantine) Empire (395–1453), and the Ottoman Empire (1453–1922).The (Islamic) Ottoman Empire succeeded the (Christian) Byzantine Empire in controlling much of Southeastern Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. Istanbul has been for many centuries the place where the Eastern and Western worlds meet.The historic areas of Istanbul were added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1985.;.;Hagia Sophia (Divine Wisdom), built by Emperor Justinian in 532-537 AD, was the largest church in the world for 1000 years. It is considered one of the greatest and most beautiful buildings in history. It became a mosque under the Ottomans when they conquered Constantinople in 1453.;圣索菲亚教堂最初是由君士坦丁(Constantine)大帝建造，6世纪中又由查士丁尼(Justinian)大帝再建，巨大的圆顶直径达33米，离地高55米。站在这里，其庄严肃穆似乎能使时光停滞，拜占庭文化的典范──马赛克画在此处可让游客一饱眼福。;?圣索非亚大教堂的特别之处在于平面采用了希腊式十字架的造型，在空间上，则创造了巨型的圆顶，而且在室内没有用到柱子来支撑。更仔细的说，君士坦丁大帝请来的数学工程师们发明出以拱门、扶壁、小圆顶等设计来支撑和分担穹隆重量的建筑方式，以便在窗间壁上安置又高又圆的圆顶，让人仰望天界的美好与神圣。 ;The monumental “Blue Mosque” (Sultan Ahmed Mosque) was built in 1609-1619. Its architect was trying to compete against the Byzantine architecture of the nearby Hagia Sophia Cathedral, which it resembles eventually in some ways. The interior design though is classically Islamic.;The walls of the Blue Mosque are covered by beautiful tile, but blue is just one of the colors…;蓝色清真寺是回教世界最优秀的建筑师锡南(Sinan)的得意弟子Mehmet Aga的作品，也是伊斯坦布尔最重要的建筑之一。建于1609年。清真寺内墙壁全部用蓝、白两色的依兹尼克磁砖装饰。;蓝色清真寺是世界十大奇景之一。建造蓝色清真寺没有使用一根钉子，而且历经数次地震却未倒坍。260个小窗、2万多块蓝色磁砖、地毯和阿拉伯书法艺术是该寺的重要看点。 ;蓝色清真寺建于17世纪，大圆顶直径达27.5公尺，另外还有4个较小的圆顶30个小圆顶，大圆小圆煞是好看；而清真寺不可或缺的尖塔，蓝色清真寺当然也有，高43公尺，而且硬是比一般的清真寺多了一根；据说