语法复习虚拟语气与倒装句综合.docVIP

语法复习：虚拟语气和倒装句 ??? 知识总结与归纳：??? 虚拟语气：是一种与事实（包括过去，现在或将来）完全相反的陈述，表示假设，愿望，怀疑，推测或后悔。虚拟语气主要用于条件从句，让步从句和名词性从句。??? 虚拟语气句型中常见的动词形式：??? 1. 动词过去式??? 2. had done ???????? 3. would/could/should/might do??? 4. would/could/should/might have done????? 5.? were ?? （一）虚拟语气用在与过去事实相反的假设的条件句中：表示假设，后悔或推测。??? 句型结构：If +主语+had been/done….，主语+should/could/might/would + have done….??? 1. If the illness had been diagnosed a day earlier, it might have made all different.??? 2. If she had told him about the danger, he would not have got hurt.??? 3. If I had known more about giving first aid, I could have helped him. ?? （二）虚拟语气用在与现在事实相反的假设的条件句中：??? 句型结构：If +主语+were / 动词过去式，主语+should/could/might/would +do??? 1. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.??? 2. If I were you, I would give an AIDS patient a hug.??? 3. 虚拟语气用在与将来的结果相反的假设的条件句中：??? 句型结构：If +主语+were to do, 主语+should/could/might/would +do??? If +主语+should do??? If +主语+动词过去式?? （1）If we were to panic, we would not be able to help.?? （2）If the little girl should take piano lessons, she would have less free time.?? （3）If I were to live long enough to have a job, I would choose to be a doctor, helping these AIDS patients.??? 注意：虚拟条件句的从句中如果有助动词were; had或should可以去掉if以后用倒装句语序。??? 例句：??? ① Had I not helped him, he would have failed in business.??? ② Should I be free, I would come .??? ③ Were she my daughter, I could suggest a different plan .??? 注意：有时候，主，从句所描述的时间范围不一致，则根据具体语境调整动词的形式。 ??? 例句：??? ① If he had caught the train, he would be here by now.??? ② You would speak English well enough, if you had practiced every day. ?? （四）虚拟语气在其他句型中的使用：??? 1. 用在与without, but for, but, otherwise短语连用的句型中：??? 例句：??? The ship would have sunk with all on board but for efforts of the captain.??? The rescue arrived in time, otherwise They would have been frozen to death. ??? 2. 用在It’s time 句型中：It’s time that 主语+动词过去式……??? It’s time that I went to school and picked up my daughter. ??? 3. 在句型…as if /though+主语+动词过去式/were/had