[小论文]基于声发射传感器阵列风力机叶片结构健康监测方法的研究.doc

基于声发射和光学技术的复合材料结构健康监测方法 朱永凯1，林啸鸣1，王海涛1，田贵云1,2，李二飞1，刘智1 （1.南京航空航天大学自动化学院，江苏，南京，210016 2.纽卡斯尔大学,NEI 7RU） 摘 要：光纤型声发射传感器具有体积小、重量轻、响应快、分辨率高、抗干扰能力强等特点，在复合材料健康状况检测中的作用日益突。 关键词： PZT，风力机叶片，声发射 Structural Health Monitoring for Composites Based on Acoustic Emission and Optical Technology Pan Renqian1, Zhu Yongkai1, Wang Haitao1, Tian Guiyun1,2, Chen Shengpiao1 1 College of Automation, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016 2 Newcastle University upon Tyne, UK Abstract: The structural health problem of wind turbine blade has caused the attention of people increasingly. So it is urgent to study structural health monitoring of wind turbine blade. Firstly, the paper has summarized several damage detection methods of wind turbine blade and evaluated their advantages and disadvantages. Then, on the basis of the principle and characteristic of acoustic emission, we study sensor array consisting of PZT, which is arranged at the root of wind turbine blade and 35% of the span that the probability of damage occurrence is high. Two load saddles uses for loading the blade. The load is applied in steps of 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120%. The 100% value corresponds to the design load for the wind turbine blade. Through it all, the signals are collected and the hits are calculated. The damage time is confirmed based on Kaiser effect and Felicity effect, and the area of damage is confirmed by the occurrence of events in time sequence. The method uses less data acquisition channels, realizes on-time damage detection, and has wonderful application prospect on in-situ health monitoring of wind turbine blade. Keywords: composite materials, PZT, wind turbine blade, acoustic emission 1引言 复合材料作为结构、功能一体化的构建材料，在军机、导弹、运载火箭、卫星飞行器以及风力发电上都发挥着不可替代的作用。复合材料器件在服役过程中会受到外界各种复杂荷载、冲击撞击等因素影响，使复合材料结构产生各种损伤，这些损伤将对复合材料结构的安全和可靠使用造成极大威胁，并将直接影响复合材料器件的使用寿命，所以复合材料结构的强度和寿命的检测显得尤为重要。但是复合材料的损伤类型非常复杂，并且对它的破坏机理还缺乏系统的了解。应用传统的无损检测方法如超声、X射线、涡流等方法很难实现复合材料结构的实时损伤监测，直到智能结构健康监测技术的出现使这种期望成为了现实。 结构健康监测（Structu