毕业论文《水平油井产能及影响因素分析》.doc

摘要 在油田开发过程中，水平井以其泄油面积大、生产井段长、井底压降小等优势，得到了广泛应用。为了更好地提高水平井的产能，充分发挥水平井的开发潜力，必须进一步深入研究水平井产能及其影响因素，以寻求提高水平井产能的具体措施，为最大限度地开发储层潜能提供了理论依据。 自20 世纪40 年代起, 国内外对水平井产能作了大量的研究, 提出了一系列产能公式,其间经过不断的改进,水平井产能公式不断接近于油田生产实际。通过调研国内外的相关文献，本文首先分析了四种稳定流动的下产能模型,得出相应的产能公式 并指出了这些产能公式的简化条件和适用范围,并针对产能公式的不足之处指出了下步的研究方向。 然后重点分析了底水油藏水平井和边水油藏水平井的产能模型，应用镜像反映法和势函数叠加原理分析边水油藏势的分布及其产能公式；运用保角变换方法和势函数理论推导底水油藏势的表达式和产能公式。 最后通过调研的普通水平井的产能公式和推导的底水油藏以及边水油藏的产能公式结合现场资料，系统地分析了产能的影响因素，包括水平井长度、储层厚度、油藏渗透率各向异性、表皮效应等对油井产能的影响，并针对所得出的结论提出一系列的建议，对进一步提高油井的产能提供理论依据。 关键词：水平井；水平井产能；底水油藏；边水油藏；产能影响因素 Abstract Horizontal well is a major completion technology to develop filed and enhance the recovery. As horizontal wells have great drainage area, in the same discharge volume, the productivity of horizontal wells is several times for the vertical wells. So, determining the economic feasibility of horizontal wells plays a vital role in the drilling design-making program. First of all, in assuming the well with infinite conductivity wellbore in reservoirs with different kinds of outer boundaries which includes the constant pressure outer boundary reservoir, bottom water drive reservoir, gas cap drive reservoir and edge water drive reservoir, this paper have discussed the productivity models for the single-phase flow in horizontal wells. Secondly, we use micro-flow analysis and theory of fluid mechanics in porous medium and derive the multilateral horizontal wells’ three-dimensional steady state distribution models in the unbounded reservoir, the constant pressure outer boundary reservoir, bottom water drive reservoir, edge water drive reservoir and the gas cap and bottom water drive reservoir. Then we set up the three-dimensional steady-state productivity models of idea multilateral wells. Finally, on the basis of the known productivity models of horizontal and multilateral horizontal wells，taking an example of a horizontal well in a bottom water drive reservoir, we have analyzed the impact of the affecting fact