强横风环境下棚车侧壁外形气动性能-交通运输工程学报.PDF

第6 卷　第3 期 交 通 运 输 工 程 学 报 Vol.6　No.3 2006 年9 月 Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering Sept. 2006 :1671-1637(2006)0-3 000-5 04 田红旗, 苗秀娟, 高广军 ( , 　410075) 　:强横风引起的气动横向 和气动升 是造成列车被吹翻事故的主要原因。空棚车由于其 侧壁迎风面积大且质量轻, 很容易在强横风作用下发生倾覆事故。采用流场数值计算方法, 对垂直 侧壁、弧形侧壁和外折形侧壁3 种棚车外形方案, 研究了横风作用下的棚车空气动 特性:气动横 向 、升 和气动倾覆 矩。研究结果表明:车体受到的气动倾覆 矩主要是由气动横向 产生 的;弧形侧壁和折形侧壁可以有效地改善车辆横向气动性能, 降低车辆的气动倾覆 矩, 提高车辆 的稳定性;与垂直侧壁棚车相比, 当车体宽度为3.2 时, 弧形侧壁和外折形侧壁棚车的气动倾覆 2 - 1 矩均可以下降21%左右, 空载棚车倾覆临界风速可以提高2.7 s 。 :车辆工程;棚车;空气动 学;数值模拟;强横风;外形 :U270. 11　　　:A Aerodynamic performance of sidewall shape of boxcar under strong crosswind Tian Hong-qi, Miao Xiu-juan, Gao Guang-jun (Key Laboratory for Traffic Safety on T rack of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha410075, Hunan, China) Abstract :The transverse force and air lift forcecaused by strong crosswind are the ain factors of train overturning, unloaded boxcar can easily be overturned by strong crosswind because of its large sidewall area and underweight. So flow field nu erical co putation was co pleted in order to look for an opti u project of sidewall shape a ong the upright sidewall, bulgy-arc sidewall and bulgy-slope sidewall, the aerodyna ic perfor ance of boxcar suffering fro crosswind was studied, such as the transverseair force, air lift force and overturning o ent. The result show s the bulgy-arc sidewall and bulgy-slope sidewall can reduce the overturning o ent effectively and i prove train s stability under strong crosswind to greater exte