（毕业设计论文）《提高阻燃剂氢氧化铝失水温度的工艺研究》.doc

PAGE 南京林业大学 本科毕业设计（论文） 提高阻燃剂氢氧化铝失水温度的工艺研究 学 院： 理 学 院 专 业： 高分子材料与工程 学 号： 070804103 学生姓名： 指导教师： 职 称： 讲 师 二O一一 年 五 月 摘要 氢氧化铝作为无机阻燃剂中应用最广的一种。它除了具有阻燃、消烟等功能，还有提高高分子材料的尺寸稳定性和改善印刷性能等优点。由于氢氧化铝无味、无毒、低腐蚀，原料来源广，价格低廉，目前消耗量在所有阻燃剂中稳居首位，占阻燃剂总耗量的约45%，占无机阻燃剂总耗量的70%。然而氢氧化铝初始失水温度低的缺陷，大大限制了它的应用领域。因此，研究提高氢氧化铝热稳定性的工艺有着较大的实际应用价值。 本文采用硅酸钠对氢氧化铝进行湿法表面改性。采用单因素实验方法，研究了反应温度，反应时间，硅酸钠使用量对改性效果的影响。对样品进行表征分析，得知当九水硅酸钠质量为氢氧化铝质量的5%，反应温度为90度，反应时间为一小时的条件下，样品改性效果最佳。粒径，吸油量，初始失水温度有明显提高。初始失水温度由208度提高到222度。 关键词：氢氧化铝 失水温度 硅酸钠 干法改性 Abstract Aluminum hydroxide as one of the most major inorganic flame-retardant ,also has the advantages of improving the dimensional stability of polymer materials and printing performance, besides its functions of eliminating smoke and flame-retardant.Due to its low corrosion aluminum, nontoxic, sources of raw materials wide and low price ,aluminum hydroxides current consumption ranks the first in all of the flame retardants , accounting for the total consumption of flame retardants for about 45% and for the total inorganic flame retardants 70% of consumption.However the low temperature of aluminum hydroxides initial dehydration greatly limits its applications.Therefor research of technology to improve the thermal stability of the aluminum hydroxide has a great practical value. This article apply the sodium silicate into wet-process on the micro-table interface to improve the functions of the aluminum hydroxide .Single factor experiments is used to study the effects of temperature, reaction time,and the amount of the modified sodium silicate on the wet-process.By characterization analysis of samples we can learn that the samples modified best when the quality of sodium silicate equals 5% of that of aluminum hydroxide, the reaction temperature is 90 degrees,and the reaction time is one hour . Particle size oil absorption, the initial dehydration temperature are also increased under the condition.The initial dehydration temperature rise from