高二英语非谓语之不定式.pptVIP

Nonfinite Verbs 动词在句中除充当谓语外，还可以充当主，宾，表，补，定和状语。即动词的非谓语动词形式。当句中需要用某种动作做主，宾或作某种修饰、说明的成分时，就要使用这种形式。 I learn English every day. To learn English is not an easy thing. 动词非谓语形式有三种： 1、动词不定式：to study (to + 动原) 2、分词： studying studied 3、动名词：studying（形式与现在分词一样） 动词非谓语的特点 ● 不能作谓语或不能独立作谓语。 ● 没有人称和数的变化。 ● 仍具有动词的一些特性，有时态和语态，可有自己的宾语和状语。 动词非谓语形式有以下几种变化 形态 主动 被动 动词不定式 一般 to write to be written 进行 to be writing 完成 to have written to have been written 完成进行 to have been writing 现在分词 和 动名词 一般 wring being written 完成 having written having been written 过去分词 一般 written 1.To see is to believe.2.It’s not an easy thing to learn English.3.He wants to visit Nanning.4.Here is a good book to read.5.He comes here to ask for help.6.We are shocked to see this.7.The teacher asks me to answer this question.8.Let him try once again. 1.不定式作主语常用句型：It is+adj.+for/of +sb + to do sth.2.不定式作宾语时，常跟在以下动词之后：hope,wish,expect,want,intend,decide,pretend,agree,promise,happen,fail,arrange,plan,offer,determine,prepare, manage,learn,refuse,dare等 3.不定式作定语时，放在被修饰词（名词和不定代词）的后面 。4.不定式作状语时，动作是用主语发生的，表示目的、原因或结果。常见词组：so as (not) to,in order (not ) to; 句型：adj./adv.+enough+不定式too+adj./adv.+不定式 5.不定式也可用在表语（形容词或过去分词）的后面作状语，说明产生某种情绪的原因或其他方面的情况。常跟在以下表语之后：happy,glad,sorry,proud,lucky,surprised,frightened,shocked,disappointed,eager,anxious,angry,able,fit,ready,clever,naughty,quick,slow,foolish,rude,cruel,wrong等 6.不定式作宾语补足语时，常跟在以下动词后面：ask,tell,invite,force,get,allow,help,wish,want,like,hate,remind,order, request, command,warn,expect, press,urge,prefer,intend,advise, persuade, encourage, permit等。 7.表示使役的动词make,let,have和表示感官的动词hear,watch,see,notice,observe,feel,listen to,look at,其后做宾补的不定式不带to.8.不定式作宾补时，它的动作是由宾语发出的。而作状语时动作是由主语发出的。 不定式的时态1. 一般式：to do，它所表示的动作通常与谓语的动作（状态）同时（几乎同时）发生，或是在谓语动作（状态）之后发生。I saw him come just now.2.完成式：to have done,不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前。I ‘m sorry to have kept you waiting. 3.进行式：to be doing,谓语动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行。They are said to be studying.4.完成进行式：to have been do