第六章节胚胎在体外维持.pptVIP

动物繁殖学双语教学English-Chinish of Reproductiong in Farm Animal Training　manuai for embryo transfer in cattle 动物繁殖学双语教学 Maintaining维持 embryos in vitroChapter 6 Embryos derive得自nutrients from the fluid in which they are bathed; moreover, of perhaps more importance, embryos depend on the ambient周围环境 fluid to maintain their physiological integrity完整性. 第六章 胚胎在体外的维持 动物繁殖学双语教学 To date, no chemically defined medium has been formulated阐明to support normal development of bovine embryos satisfactorily for longer than about 24 hours. 动物繁殖学双语教学 However, several media are commercially available (or can be prepared easily) that adequately maintain embryos for the usual interval between collection and transfer. For longer periods, cryopreservation低温贮藏 is recommended. 动物繁殖学双语教学 STORAGE CONDITIONS For short periods of culture, the nutrient properties of the medium are far less critical than pH, osmolality, temperature, sterility, and lack of toxicity. 动物繁殖学双语教学 An embryos range of tolerance for these properties is narrow. Inadequate不充分的control of these aspects of culture accounts for many failed transfers. In addition: embryos are damaged if exposed to excess light (e.g. microscope lights) for prolonged periods, but normal lighting or daylight in the work area is not harmful if embryos are not exposed for more than half an hour. 动物繁殖学双语教学 Body temperature of cattle is 39℃, and for certain purposes this temperalure is appropriate. However, for routine 程序commercial embryo transfer we do not recommend storage above 37℃ because thermometers 温度计, even those on incubators孵卵器, are frequently incorrect by 1℃ or 2℃. Culturing embryos at 41℃ is extremely damaging, whereas storing them for up to 12 hours between 18℃ and 37℃is not. 动物繁殖学双语教学 MEDIA The simplest medium is sterile saline (9 gm NaCl/litre of sterilized, deionized脱离子or distilled water). 动物繁殖学双语教学 Saline will not support embryonic development, but will keep embryos for a few hours; it is better to use saline an