丁 chaptr current intensity.pptVIP

Section 1 Current Density current (intensity) and current density direction：in the direction which the positive charges are flowing , or in the direction opposite to actual flow of the electron( negative charges). current (intensity) and current density current (intensity) and current density current intensity and Current density Microscopic form of Ohm’s law We select a little cylinder in the conductor （length dl ，cross-section dS） Section 2 Kirchhoff ’s laws summary * To master: The concept of current density Microscopic form of Ohm’s law Kirchhoff ’s laws The application of Kirchhoff ’s laws To understand : 1. Power source and electromotive force 2. Ohm’s law in a circuit having power source Chapter 8 direct current (DC) Chapter 8 direct current (DC) Section 1 Current Density Section 2 Kirchhoff ’s laws current intensity and current density . Microscopic form of Ohm’s law Condition of current’s forming There are the free electrons which can be in motion easily in the conductor . 2) There is an electric field in the conductor。 current intensity magnitude：represents the charges passing through a given cross- section per unit time Derivative Constant current If the rate of flow of charge with time is not constant ,the Current varies with time and is given by the differential limit of next equation 即： Although there is a direction associated with the flow of positive charge along a wire ,the current I is a scalar quantity(标量) 电流场：导体内每一点都有自己的j ，j=j(x, y, z) Current density in order to describer the distribution of current at any point in space . Vector quantity( 矢量) Magnitude: ? dS dS? n 电流线 The magnitude is defined as the current intensity passed through a unit cross-sectional area which is normal to the direction of current . Direction: The vector j at any point is oriented in the direction that a positive charge carr