棉花种质资源收集鉴定与创新利用-中国棉花杂志社-中国农业科学院.PDFVIP

棉 花 学报 Cotton Science 2017, 29(增刊): 51―61 棉花种质资源收集鉴定与创新利用 杜雄明 刘方 王坤波 贾银华 周忠丽 何守朴 龚文芳 潘兆娥 王立如 耿晓丽 庞保印 ( 国农业科学院棉花研究所/ 棉花生物学国家重点实验室 河南安阳455000) 摘要院十二五期间通过对我国西南地区尧南海诸岛尧及国外野生棉起源中心实地考察和广泛征集, 新收集国内 外棉花种质资源1220 份 其 陆地棉986 份尧海岛棉176 份尧亚洲棉58 份 所收集种质均已入国家中期库保 存遥 收集的棉花种质资源分别在河南安阳尧海南三亚尧新疆阿拉尔进行主要农艺经济性状鉴定和特性鉴定遥 通 过SSR渊Simple sequence repeat 冤分子标记尧重测序等技术对收集到的种质进行了分子鉴定 筛选到大量与纤维 品质尧抗黄萎病尧抗旱尧抗草甘膦显著关联的基因遥 在收集保存的种质资源基础上 通过辐射诱变尧远缘杂交尧复 合杂交创造出优质尧高产尧抗逆等优异种质资源遥 通过展示向全国科研院所及公司发放棉花种质19 191 份次遥 关键词院棉花曰种质资源曰收集与保存曰遗传评价曰创新与利用 中图分类号院S562.024 文献标志码院A 文章编号院1002-7807(2017)增刊-0051-11 10.11963/ 1002-7807.dxmdxm Du Xiongming, Liu Fang, Wang Kunbo, Jia Yinhua, Zhou Zhongli, He Shoupu, Gong Wenfang, Pan Zhao 爷e, Wang Liru, Geng Xiaoli, Pang Baoyin ( 455000, ) During the 12th Five-Year-Plan period, 1220 cotton accessions including 986 L. accessions, 176 L. accessions and 58 L. accessions were collected through exploring in the southwest China, islands of South China Sea, and foreign origin center of wild cotton. All the accessions have been preserved in the National Medi- um-term Gene Bank of Cotton in China. Evaluation of main agronomic traits were carried out in the fields and labs of Anyang, Sanya and Alaer. SSR markers and resequencing were used to evaluate these collected accessions. Abundant of genes were found to be associated with the fiber quality, verticillium wilt resistance, drought tolerance and glyphosate-resistance. New ac- cessions with high yield, excellent fiber quality and stress resistance, were also developed through radiation mutation, interspe- cific and multiple hybridization. All the accessions were totally released 19 19 1 times to the researchers in the colleges, institutes and companies after field display. cotton; germplasm collecting; germplasm preservation; e