it做形式主语或宾语的用法备课笔记.ppt

1.It 用作形式宾语 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在句子中作宾语时，为保持平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it只起引导作用，无意义。 完成句子 （1） They ________________（发觉……难）? to finish their work in two days. （2） We ________________（认为……是我们的职责） to clean our classroom every day. （3） It is important _______（对她来说） to come?to the party. 1.The fact that she was foreign made ____difficult for her to get a job in that country .(2010.辽宁） A. So B. much C. that D. it 2. The doctor thought ____would be good for to have a holiday .（2010.全国II) A. this B .that C . one D . It 3. I don’t think _______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.. (MET90)A. this B. that C. its D. it 4.It 作形式宾语的特殊用法 1>. 某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, hate, dislike, appreciate等 后往往不能直接接宾语从句；必须先由it担任形式宾语,再接从句. 2>.某些含有介词的动词短语如see to, depend on, answer for, rely on, insist on, look to, stick to 等结构中往往不能直接接宾语从句；必须先由it担任形式宾语,再接从句. It is amazing that at my age I am still fit . It is easy to become addicted to smoking . it is no good crying over spilt milk. (覆水难收) 2. It 用作形式主语 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。 2. It + be + 过去分词 + 主语从句，这类过去分词有：announced, believed, expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, shown等， 如：It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.It is not decided who will give the operation to the patient. It is said that he has come to Beijing. 　　  4. It + 不及物动词 + 主语从句 这类不及物动词有：appear,seem happen，matter等。译为好像……/碰巧……/如： It seemed that he didn’t tell the truth. It happened that I was out when he called. 5. It + be + 形容词 + （for sb.）+ 动词不定式 这类句型常用形容词easy, difficult, hard, important, possible，wise等作表语，有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者，常在不定式前加for sb，译为“对某人来说做某事怎么样”如： It’s necessary for the young to master two foreign language. It is unwise to give the children whatever they want. 6. It + be + 形容词 + of sb. + 动词不定式 这类形容词常是表示心理品质,性格特征的形容词，如：kind, nice