离子型稀土矿硫酸镁柱浸过程中水、稀土和硫酸镁的平衡研究.docVIP

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2018.10.00 doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2018.10.009 王瑞祥1，郭跃东1，方壮1，陈芳会1，余攀2，徐志峰1 （1.江西理工大学 冶金与化学工程学院，江西 赣州 341000；2.浙江华友钴业股份有限公司，浙江 衢州 314500） 摘要：采用柱浸方法研究无氨浸矿剂硫酸镁浸出离子型稀土矿，考察了浸矿过程中H2O、REO、Mg2+、SO2- 4走向。结果表明，每千克稀土原矿吸水量约为344 mL，稀土元素浸出率在99%以上，全过程损失率仅为0.045%，有0.24%的镁离子残留于矿体中，浸出液中镁离子总量增加4.7%，平衡率为98.76%，硫酸根总体升高0.52%。硫酸镁作为浸取剂，杂质Fe、Si的浸出率分别由硫酸铵浸矿时的0.435%、0.703%降低到0.03%、0.13%，杂质Al的浸出率基本保持不变。 关键词：硫酸镁；离子型稀土矿；柱浸；浸出率；平衡率 中图分类号：TF845 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007-7545（2018）10-0000-00 Equilibrium of Water, Rare Earth and Magnesium Sulfate in Column Leaching Process of Ion-Absorbed Rare Earth Deposits WANG Rui-xiang1, GUO Yue-dong1, FANG Zhuang1, CHEN Fang-hui1, YU Pan2, XU Zhi-feng1 (1. School of Metallurgical and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China; 2. Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt Co., Ltd., Quzhou 314500, Zhejiang, China) Abstract：Ionic type rare-earth ore was column leached with ammonia magnesium sulfate leaching. Equilibrium of H2O, REO, Mg2+, and SO2- 4 during leaching was investigated. The results show that water absorbing capacity of rare earth ore is about 344 mL/kg. Leaching rate of rare earth elements is 99% above with loss rate of only 0.045% during the whole process. 0.24% magnesium ions residue exists in orebody, amount of magnesium ions in leaching solution rises 4.7% with balance rate of 98.76%. SO2- 4 rises by 0.52%. Leaching rates of impurities Fe and Si drop from 0.435% and 0.703% with ammonium sulfate as leaching agent to 0.03% and 0.13% respectively with magnesium sulfate as leaching agent, while leaching rate of impurities Al remains unchanged. Key words：magnesium sulfate; ion-absorbed rare earth deposits; column leaching; leaching rate; equilibrium rate 离子型稀土矿在中国分布广、储量大[1-2]，相对于独居石、氟碳铈矿等其他稀土矿来说，离子型稀土矿易开采、提取工艺简单、成本低[3]。然而，随着稀土矿资源的日益枯竭和环保要求的日趋严苛[4-6]，国家对离子型稀土矿物的提取工艺提出了新的要求：保证稀土矿资源得到高效利用，还要兼顾环保[7-8]。目前，离子型稀土矿多采用原地浸矿法[9-11]提取，该方法改善了传统堆浸法污染大、易造成地质灾害的不足，但依然存在稀土矿利用率低和氨氮废水污染严重等问题[12-14]。针对上述问题