毕业论文设计《二段法溶出降低赤泥碱耗的研究》.docVIP

l 分类号 密级 U D C 编号 CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY 硕士学位论文 论 文 题 目: 二段法溶出降低赤泥碱耗的研究 研 究 生 姓 名: 学 科、专 业: 材料冶金 学院(系、所): 冶金科学与工程学院 指 导 老 师: 教授 摘 要 我国铝土矿资源具有高铝高硅的特性，由于高硅引起的高碱耗及高能耗一直限制着我国高硅铝土矿的应用。开发能降低高硅铝土矿引起的碱耗的工艺对于铝土矿资源的有效利用及氧化铝生产工业具有重要意义。 降低高硅铝土矿赤泥碱耗所采用的方法之一就是改变铝土矿溶出工艺，生成低碱脱硅产物。二段法溶出工艺则是利用生产低碱脱硅产物降低赤泥碱耗的新方法。二段法溶出是指先用低碱沉铝液对铝土矿进行预脱硅，然后再混入浓缩循环母液对铝土矿进行溶出的一种拜耳法氧化铝生产过程。 本论文研究了二段法溶出工艺在贵州中低品位铝土矿中的应用，研究了贵州铝土矿预脱硅性能、探索了贵州铝土矿二段法溶出工艺的最佳工艺条件。结果表明，贵州铝土矿预脱硅性能不好、在二段法溶出最佳工艺条件下，贵州矿溶出赤泥钠硅比最低，为0.36。 论文探讨了采用高压釜和钢弹进行平果铝土矿二段法溶出赤泥碱耗相差很大的原因。结果表明，其原因是钢弹溶出中钢珠有利于降低溶出赤泥碱耗，而且使用高压釜对平果矿进行预脱硅的效果不如钢弹。实验证实通过平果矿经焙烧后在高压釜中进行二段法溶出，溶出赤泥钠硅比可降低至0.26 赤泥化学物相分析表明，二段法溶出过程中，提高前段沉铝溶液αk可提高预脱硅后固相中低碱脱硅产物含量。 关键词 拜耳法，碱耗，二段法，化学物相分析，脱硅产物 ABSTRACT The most resource of production of alumina is bauxite. According to the fast development of the alumina industry, the resource of high quality bauxite is drying up. And the property of the bauxite resource of our country is high-alumina high-silica. The high content of silica of the bauxite results in the problem of high-energy and high-soda consumption, which limit the use of the high-silica bauxite. So it is important for the good use of bauxite and the alumina industry to develop a process that could reduce the soda consumption of high-silica bauxite which caused by the silica minerals of the bauxite. The two-stage digestion process could effectively reduce the fix-soda consumption of the red mud of the Henan and Pingguo bauxite. And the application of the two-stage digestion process in the Guizhou bauxite was investigated. In the optimum condition of the Guizhou bauxite two-stage digestion process were explored. The experiment results showed that the fix-soda consumption of the red mud of the Guizhou bauxite reached to the lowest point under the digestion condition: the bauxite was predesilicated at 170℃ for 120 minutes in the first stage and than digest