毕业论文设计《超声波换能器论文》.doc

哈尔滨工业大学（威海）本科毕业设计（论文） - PAGE 36 - 摘 要 超声技术的兴起推动了超声技术在能源检测领域的发展，超声波式热表应运产生。超声波换能器作为能量转换器件，是热量检测的关键部分，其性能直接影响能量检测的有效性与可靠性。因此，对于超声波换能器性能测试系统的研究具有重要意义。 目前国内外对于超声波换能器性能测试的方法局限在换能器单一性能指标上，且测试方法大多繁琐复杂，对于超声波换能器的性能评价缺乏统一的标准。本文对用于超声波式热量表的超声波换能器进行性能检测，提出了根据对比同一换能器发射和接收回波幅值来判定超声波换能器性能的方法，旨在为对超声波换能器的综合性能进行评定，提供较为科学合理的分类依据。 系统采用Verilog硬件描述语言对系统进行开发。设计在不同频点下对超声波换能器收发信号幅值进行对比。利用DDS分频技术，产生频率范围在0.5-1.2MHz，步进为10KHz的激励信号激励换能器发声；设计了AC/DC转换电路对换能器收发高频信号进行调理；收发信号幅值及幅值比通过液晶显示。 经实验测试，系统实现对换能器性能进行综合检测的功能。 关键词：超声波换能器；FPGA；数字频率合成技术 Abstract The rise of ultrasound technology has promoted the development of ultrasound technology in the field of energy detection, ultrasonic heat meters should be produced. As an energy conversion devices, ultrasonic transducer is a key part of the heat detection, and its performance affects the validity and reliability of energy detection directly. Therefore, the study of the ultrasonic transducer performance test system is important. At home and abroad, the method to test the performance of the ultrasonic transducer is limited in a single transducer performance index, and the test methods are mostly cumbersome and complex, the performance evaluation of the ultrasonic transducer lack a unified uniform. This paper has tested the performance of the ultrasonic transducer which is used on ultrasonic heat meter. A method which determines the performance of the ultrasonic transducer by comparing the amplitude of the transmitted wave and the echo has been proposed. This method aimed to assess the integrated performance of the ultrasonic transducers and provide a more scientific and rational evaluation criterion. System used the Verilog hardware description language to develop the system. The amplitude of the transmitted wave and the echo has been compared in different frequency. The system uses DDS frequency technology, generating a signal whose frequency range from 0.5MHz to 1.2MHz, stepping 10KHz to the excitated the transducer. We have also designed an AC / DC conve